【作者】 周一峰；

【导师】 章文华；

【作者基本信息】 南京农业大学 ， 植物学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 多胺包括腐胺(Putrescine，Put)、亚精胺(spermidine，Spd)、精胺(Spermine,Spm)等，广泛存在于动植物细胞中，行使一系列生理功能。植物源食品多胺是人体多胺库重要组成部分，与人类健康有密切的关系，因而分析植物(包括种子、果实)多胺含量，研究外界因素对植物多胺含量影响就可为人类食品安全和健康提供有价值的资料。本文测定了部分植物多胺含量，分析了储藏和FACE(Free Air Carbon-dioxide Enrichment)条件对2个水稻品种籽粒多胺含量影响，研究了盐渍和不同矿质营养水平对不同品种小白菜多胺的影响，同时初步研究了多胺对小鼠肿瘤的影响。主要结果如下： 1．改进并建立了两种可以同时检测植物组织腐胺、二胺基丙烷、尸胺、亚精胺、精胺5种多胺组分的色谱方法。两法相比，TLC(薄层层析)方法简单方便，HPLC(高效液相色谱)快速准确。 2．在多胺对两种荷瘤(荷S180和荷Heps瘤)小鼠影响的研究中，发现每天摄入100nmolSpd明显增加了小鼠肿瘤重量。 3．对水果和某些植物药材中的多胺含量进行了测定，结果显示，所测水果多胺含量中，游离态多胺比例很大(＞70％)。圣女果、芸香科水果(蜜桔、柚子、橙等)、香蕉含有相当高的Put及多胺总量，而蔷薇科水果(桃、苹果、梨、李)等多胺含量较低；不同水果间多胺总量及组分存在很大差异。与水果相比，中药的多胺含量通常较低；游离态、结合态、束缚态三种形态间比例以及多胺组分含量因不同种类存在普遍差异；同时发现炮制方法对游离态多胺及多胺总量有一定的影响。 4．以IR24(International Rice24，籼稻)和ASO(Asominori，粳稻)水稻籽粒为材料，分析了储藏时间和FACE条件对多胺含量的影响。结果表明，IR24的多胺总量高于ASO；干燥储藏和FACE条件均对两个水稻品种的游离态多胺总量影响不显著，但是干燥储藏和FACE条件分别使IR24和ASO中的结合态和束缚态多胺含量显著下降，从而使它们多胺总量降低。 5．盐处理结果表明小白菜品种苏州青、上海青、矮脚黄对盐较敏感，而矮抗青和四月慢比较耐盐。选用耐盐品种四月慢和不耐盐品种苏州青作为试验材料进一步用水培方法分析了盐胁迫对其多胺含量影响，结果表明50mmol/LNaCl处理苏州青中各形态多胺和多胺总量影响均显著下降，而对四月慢影响不大。因而盐胁迫小白菜对多胺更多还原

【Abstract】 Polyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermine etc.) commonly occur in the cells of living organisms where they fulfil an array of physiological roles. Plants food polyamines contribute to the total body polyamine pool. As polyamines are important in health, so it is meaningful to obtain information on the polyamine content in plants food, and to study the relationships between the polyamine contents and exogenous conditions. In the paper, the polyamine contents of some plants food were determined, and the effect of storage and FACE on polyamine contents of two rice cultivars was analyzed. Meanwhile, different cultivars of nonheading Chinese cabbage were utilized to study the effect of salinity and different mineral levels on polyamine metabolism. Beside, the effect of exogenous polyamine on tumour-bearing rats was observed. The main results were as follows:1. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and thin layer chromatography (TLC) have been developed for the determination of Diaminopropane, Putrescine, Cadverine, Spermidine and Spermine in higher plant tissues. In contrast, TLC is easier and more convenient, HPLC is fast and more accurate in its result.2. In the experiment with two types of tumour-bearing (S180 and Heps tumour) rats, the proliferation of tumour weight is obvious when 100nmol Spd every day was fed.3. The polyamine contents of some fruits and traditional Chinese medicine is determined. The free form of poyamines accounts for the most of the total content of polyamines in the tested fruits. Mini tomato, the rue family fruits such as mandarin orange, grapefruit, orange, etc., and banana have relatively higher Put and total polyamine content. On the contrary, the polyamine contents in rose family fruit such as apple, pear, peach, plum is relatively lower. Commonly, polyamine contents and its components range widely within the individual fruits. Comparing to fruits, the contents of polyamine in the tested traditional Chinese medicine are commonly low. The proportion of the three polyamine forms and the content and component of polyamines are always different because of their different species. Meanwhile, processing methods of herbs may affect the content of polyamines, especially in free form polyamines.4. With two rice cultivars IR24 and ASO as material, the effect of the storage and更多还原