【作者】 刘晓巍；

【导师】 张红南；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 微电子学与固体电子学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文完成了一个基于反射型红外线传感器的CMOS模拟专用集成电路的设计,它构成的红外系统具有探测心跳频率的功能。设计根据人体组织的半透明度会随心脏跳动而变化的特点,由传感器探测到这一变化,通过专用集成电路将信号放大并利用,获得心跳频率。本模拟芯片结合数字电路可计算即时心率或统计心跳总数。论文设计了系统中的模拟专用集成电路——信号提取到转换为数字信号的电路。本文首先阐述了心跳探测系统和CMOS工艺的发展和现状。说明了课题的来源和研究意义。提出研究方法及主要设计路线,介绍了论文开展的工作。在了解红外辐射理论的基础上,阐释了红外线传感器原理,对传感器的基本参数进行分析,同时介绍了反射型红外传感器基本结构与原理。文章的核心是芯片电路的设计,首先根据电路功能设计了芯片大体的结构和引脚,详细列出芯片在应用时的外围电路,对设计需要达到的参数标准做了简要介绍。设计中选择了RC振荡电路,并加分频器实现了设计振荡频率1KHz的输出。在稳压源电路设计中,采用了运算放大器负反馈的形式,使参考电压源为2.2V,并在电源大于2.3V时保持稳定,隔离了电源噪声。信号通路中包括信号发生放大电路、滤波电路、整形电路和输出电路。通过信号通路,传感器生成的调幅波信号转变为与脉搏频率相同的方波。先由运算放大器接共集电极电路完成信号放大,通过滤波得到脉搏信号的频率,从而用滤波器电路完成了解调功能。带通滤波电路增益为44dB,3dB点设计在1Hz和7Hz。最后运用自适应迟滞比较器作为整形器,将信号转化为方波。论文对电路进行了详细的分析和仿真。芯片版图的设计中采用了绿华半导体公司的0.6μm, 5V CMOS工艺库,工艺基本特征为多晶硅栅,单层金属布线。利用Cadence完成版图设计。论文最后基于芯片测试理论,针对芯片流片后的部分测试结果,对振荡出现的噪声问题给出了初步分析,并结合投片工艺探讨了工艺原因与产生机理。该设计在前端仿真中满足了设计要求。经过第一次流片后的简单封装,外接辅助电路后,部分芯片实现了预期的功能。基本上达到第一步设计的要求。为进一步完善芯片进入实用化打下了良好基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, an analog CMOS ASIC base on Infrared Sensor had been successfully designed. A Infrared system with which can detecte the pulse of human.Because human body are semitransparent,and the transparence of it change along with the heart beat.The Infrared Sensor can detecte the change,We may tanslate the signal from sensor into a digital form by a CMOS IC.When the signal change into a digital form,another IC can get the rhythm of the heart from the analog IC.This article designed the anologe IC which got the sensor signal into digital form.First, the developing history, present situation and trends of CMOS Application Specific integrated circuits and heartbeat detected system were summarized. And then, the source of this subject and background of the research were introduced. We give a presentation of work of this thesis. The theory of the infrared and the infrared sensor was explained before we introduced the principle and configuration of reflected infrared sensor used in this project. Then, the whole idea of design was given, the structure of design was designed. After that, there was the core of project:design of the circuits in IC .The design and simulations of oscillator circuit and reference voltage circuit were placed behind it where RC oscillator’s design and how to build a reference voltage circuit by amplifier were discussed. RC oscillator’s frequency is 1KHz. The voltage reference of IC is 2.2V,which can keep stabilization when the power supply is bigger than 2.3V.In that case circuits can insulate yawp from power supply. The circuits which signals transit in, including amplifying circuit, filter circuit, export circuit, etc were placed in the same chapter. In this part the signal from the infrared sensor was amplified by common collector amplifier, and the demodulator was built by filter.in which the signal got demodulated.because we just need the frequency of the signal, filter may achieved. The band-pass filter has a gain of 44dB, whose -3dB point are fixed at 1 and 7Hz At last, an auto-adaptive hysteresis circuit was used in translating the wave into the form of pulse. Every part was analyzed and simulated carefully . In the paper, we introduced how to draw layout based on the standard of 0.6μm,5V CMOS given by CSC semiconductor ltd and finish the work in Candence. We aslo get the theory of Verification Test and Design Debug discussed, and then, some work on the Verification Test of this integrated circuits have been done. For the sake of finding out the reason of noise occurring in circuit of Oscillator, we probe into causation of technics and mechanism.The performance of the front-end has satisfied the demond of design. After tape out,with the assistant circuitry, some of the IC fabricated can work well. It is a good更多还原