【作者】 刘巧玲；

【导师】 刘选明；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 分析化学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本文对量子点的合成、水溶性修饰及其应用研究进展进行了综述。实验分别采用微乳液法和水溶液法制备CdSe和CdSe/CdS(核壳结构)纳米粒子,在微乳液法中采用SDS(十二烷基硫酸钠)/环己烷/异戊醇/水所组成的四元微乳体系制备出油溶性的纳米粒子;水溶液法则以柠檬酸钠为稳定剂制备水溶性的纳米粒子。得到具有良好荧光性质的量子点后,进一步将量子点与多聚赖氨酸组装成聚合物微球,并以该微球作为量子点的传输载体研究了微球在肝癌细胞中的传输情况。主要内容有:(1)以微乳液法合成了CdSe和CdSe/CdS纳米粒子,考察了反应物浓度、反应物之间的比例、反应时间、醇的用量、水的用量等反应条件对纳米粒子光学性质的影响,实验通过检测反应液的吸收光谱以提供粒子的成核与生长情况,同时检测了回流处理后的荧光情况,并用荧光分光光度计和高分辨透射电镜对粒子进行表征。(2)以柠檬酸钠为稳定剂,在水溶液中合成了CdSe和CdSe/CdS量子点,用紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱对合成的样品进行表征。(3)在前一部分工作的基础上,以多聚赖氨酸为模板,制备了掺杂有CdSe/CdS纳米粒子的量子点微球,利用激光共聚焦显微镜考察了量子点在微球中的分布情况,同时检测了该微球分别在水溶液和磷酸盐缓冲液中的稳定性,结果显示该微球在生理条件下十分稳定。本文采用一种新的方法,一步制备掺杂有CdSe/CdS的量子点微球,相比与传统的掺杂量子点微球的制备方法更加简单,且量子点的数量可控,环境污染少,是一种绿色的环境友好的制备方法。将该微球与肝癌细胞共培养后发现细胞能够吞噬该微球,当微球表面修饰有PEG后,微球更容易进入细胞。量子点从微球中释放后主要进入细胞质,并且可以随着细胞分裂进入下一代子细胞中。微球表面富含氨基,可以进一步与其他生物分子和聚合物连接,从而扩展其应用范围。更多还原

【Abstract】 This thesis describes current approaches for the synthesis ofⅡ-Ⅳsemiconductor nanoparticles, the soluble modification on its surface and their applications on life science research. CdSe and CdSe/CdS(core/shell structure) nanoparticles were synthesized both in aqueous solution by using sodium citrate as the stabilizer and microemulsion method by using SDS/isopentanol/cyclohexane/water microemulsion system. After gained nanoparticles with good luminescent property, a new approach was developed for making luminescent microsphere. Furthermore, the polylysine microsphere were successfully used to the liver cells labelling.The main content in this thesis : (1) The pridine-capped CdSe nanoparticle was prepared in microemulsion solution, Various reaction conditions that affected the optical properties of CdSe and CdSe/CdS nanoparticles were studied, including the time of reaction, the concentration of the reactants, the reactant’s proportion and the dosage of isopentanol and water. Furthermore, these nanoparticles were characterized by High resolution electron microscopy, fluorescence spectra and UV-Vis spectroscopy, the UV-Vis spectroscopy provide information about the progress of nucleation and growth of the particles. Meanwhile, the fluorescent intensity of the refluxed particle was also detected. (2) CdSe and CdSe/CdS nanoparitcles were synthesized in aqueous solution by using sodium citrate as stabilizer. They were characterized by UV-Vis, fluorescence spectroscopy. (3) Based on the above work, Polylysine was used as template and the sodium citrate stabilized nanoparticles were incorporated into the microspheres. Different influence factors were studied, including the stability that the nanoparticles that dispersed in different medium and time and their fluorescent intensity were also detected. Under laser confocal microscopy, it’s clearly to see that the luminescent quantum dots was well-proportioned in the microsphere. The stability of the microsphere waas also examined and results shows that the microspheres were very stable. So, we developed a new one-step approach preparing stable luminescent microsphere. Comparing with traditional methods, this method was more simple, while majority nanoparticle was enwrapped in the polylysine microsphere and no leakage was detected. It’s produced less contamination and more environmental compatible. When the microspheres was co-cultured with liver cancer cell (SMMC-7721), the cell can swallow these micro-sized sphere. After modified the更多还原