节点文献

基于掺硼金刚石和纳米复合材料的电化学生物传感器研究

Investigation of Electrochemical Biosensor Based on Boron-Doped Diamond and Newly Nanocomposites

【作者】 李小丽;

【导师】 沈国励;

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 , 分析化学, 2006, 硕士

【摘要】 1.硼掺杂金刚石(BDD)电极具有较低的背景电流、无需作任何处理的情况下对一些氧化还原分析物有好的活性、高电化学稳定性、宽的电位窗口和长时间的响应稳定性等优点,研究了一些活性物质在BDD电极上的电化学性质。利用BDD电极的表面缺电子结构(sp3杂化碳和掺杂的硼)和易于氧化引入-OH的特点,在氧化或未氧化的BDD电极表面修饰化学/生物物质制成化学/生物传感器,研究生物分子在电极表面的电化学特性,并实现对生物分子的准确、快速、灵敏、简便测定。(1)基于BDD电极优越的电化学特性,研究了Br-和I-在裸BDD电极上的电化学行为(第2章)。Br-和I-在BDD电极上发生了典型不可逆的电化学还原反应,与其在玻碳电极上响应不同。可能的反应模式为:O2在电极表面氧化成H2O2,Br-和I-先被H2O2氧化生成Br2和I2,再进行电化学还原过程。Br-和I-在BDD电极上的还原峰电位分别为561 mV和125 mV,比它们在GC电极上的还原电位分别负移了228.7 mV和187.5 mV。Br-和I-在BDD电极上的线性范围分别为6.7×10-7~1.0×10-3 mol/L和1.3×10-8~1.0×10-3 mol/L ,检测下限分别为5.3×10-7 mol/L和1.7×10-9 mol/L。用于测定自来水中Br-和I-的回收率,结果令人满意。(2)第3章研究了尿酸在聚半胱氨酸修饰BDD电极表面的电化学性质,并实现对尿酸的准确、快速、灵敏、简便测定。研究发现在方波伏安信号中常见干扰物抗坏血酸或多巴胺与尿酸共存检测时尿酸在修饰电极上的特征峰电位变化不超过15 mV,峰电流变化仅为几微安培。试验了扫描速度、方波振幅、pH值等对修饰电极性能的影响,在最优条件下,修饰电极测定尿酸的线性范围为1.5×10-9 1.2×10-6 mol/L。同时对未经预处理的肾病病人尿样进行了检测,得到了令人满意的结果2.近年来,关于纳米复合材料合成和构建纳米活性界面的研究受到了广大科学工作者的关注,纳米尺度的材料拥有传统材料所没有的物理和化学特性,例如导电性、电化学活性等。本研究工作致力于利用纳米材料发展新型活性界面固定生物材料,达到改进生物传感器性能的目的,主要完成了以下研究工作:(1)碳纳米管因其独特的物理、化学性质以及良好的电子传导能力在传感器方面的应用引起了广泛的关注。在第4章中报导了用Nafion分散单壁碳纳米管后在玻碳电极表面成膜,利用离子交换作用将亚甲基蓝固定到膜中,形成稳定的活性界面,基于此界面固定葡萄糖氧化酶(GOx)制备葡萄糖传感器,研究表明,碳纳米管具有优良的电子传导能力,形成界面的活性比未掺杂单壁碳纳米管的更

【Abstract】 1. Boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes have recently attracted considerable interest, especially for electrochemical analysis due to its outstanding characteristics: (1) very low background current density; (2) a wide potential window in aqueous solution; (3) good activity toward some redox analytes without any pretreatment; (4) long term response stability.We fully utilized the characteristics of the deficient electron structure (carbon sp3 and boron) and easy oxidation introducing -OH on BDD electrode surface to preparation of biosensors, which were used to investigate the electrochemistry of biological molecules and be rapid, sensitive.(1) The electrochemical assay of bromide and iodide ions at a boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode was investigated (In chapter 2). The BDD electrode exhibited well-resolved and irreversible reduction voltammograms, while the GC electrode provided only ill-defined response. Cyclic voltammetric signals at BDD electrode for Br- and I- were observed at 561 mV and 125 mV vs SCE; the values shifted negatively for 228.7 mV and 187.5 mV respectively, comparing to those at GC electrode. Sensitive amperometric responses for Br- and I- were obtained covering linear range 6.7×10-7~1.0×10-3 mol/L and 1.3×10-8~1.0×10-3 mol/L with 5.3×10-7 mol/L and 1.7×10-9 mol/L, respectively, under the optimum pH and applied potential. The amperometric response was very reproducible and stable with satisfactory recovery results.(2) We fully utilized the characteristics of the deficient electron structure (carbon sp3 and boron) and easy oxidation introducing -OH on BDD electrode surface to preparation of biosensors, which were used to investigate the electrochemistry of uric acid at a BDD electrode modified with poly(L-cysteine) and be rapid, sensitive. In the presence of major interference from ascorbic acid or dopamine, the peak potential of uric acid shifts less than 15 mV and the peak current changes slightly obtained square wave voltammetric (SWV) response at the modified BDD electrode. Moreover, the effects of scan rate, working potential of SWV response and pH are investigated; under the optimum conditions, Sensitive SWV response were obtained covering linear range 1.5×10-9 1.2×10-6mol/L. The determination of nephropathy patients’urine sample using this method shows satisfactory results.

  • 【网络出版投稿人】 湖南大学
  • 【网络出版年期】2006年 11期
  • 【分类号】TP212.3
  • 【下载频次】244
节点文献中: 

本文链接的文献网络图示:

本文的引文网络