【作者】 傅昭娟；

【导师】 申秀英；

【作者基本信息】 浙江师范大学 ， 生态学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 目的：研究稀土的长期摄入对机体免疫功能是否存在影响，为制定稀土使用安全标准和评价稀土生物效应提供实验依据。本实验以不同剂量（5、50、500、2000mg／L）硝酸钐染毒3个月的ICR小鼠为对象，通过染毒过程中体重的动态变化、脏器指数、迟发型变态反应、E花结形成率、免疫球蛋白含量及腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能、红细胞受体花环研究了小鼠细胞免疫功能、体液免疫功能、巨噬细胞吞噬功能、红细胞免疫吸附功能的变化；另外通过对血清Sm浓度及部分与免疫功能密切相关的金属元素的浓度、血清抗氧化能力测定及红细胞形态观察初步探讨可能存在的硝酸钐免疫毒性机制。 结果：1．一般体征检查结果表明小鼠在染毒过程中各组间体重无明显差异（P＞0.05）。雄鼠500mg·L^-1和2000mg·L^-1剂量组脾指数明显低于对照组（P＜0.05），其它脏器指数与对照组相比无统计学意义，推测脾对硝酸钐作用更敏感。各剂量组免疫器官肉眼观察与对照组无明显区别；随染毒剂量增高，脾组织结构发生变化，超微结构观察发现淋巴细胞核形变、线粒体肿胀空化、核周间隙增宽、巨细胞增多甚至细胞解体。 2．雌鼠在50mg·L^-1、500mg·L^-1剂量组的足跖肿胀度明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）；而雄鼠除5mg·L^-1剂量组外，各组肿胀度均显著下降，2000mg·L^-1剂量组肿胀度仅为对照组的60％。当硝酸钐浓度升高至2000mg·L^-1时，雌雄鼠的E花结形成率均被严重抑制（P＜0.01），可见饮用硝酸钐损伤了机体建立特异性细胞免疫的能力。 3．雌鼠除5mg·L^-1组外，其余各组溶血空斑形成数显著下降（P＜0.01），而雄鼠即使在最低剂量组PFC也出现明显变化（P＜0.05）。在一定浓度范围内(5～500mg·L^-1)，硝酸钐可能会抑制更多抗体（IgG）产生，随着染毒剂量的增加，这种抑制作用减弱。硝酸钐的摄入对小鼠体液免疫应更多还原

【Abstract】 For lately 20 years, more and more people begin to contact REEs in more or less consistency. We must face the health problem of the accumulation of REEs in the human body.Object: Investigate the effects on immune function in mice exposed to samarium nitrate （Sm（NO₃）₃） at different doses （5,50,500,2000mg/L） for 3 months, to make a comprehensive evaluation on the effects of samarium and provide some scientific basis for the protection of peoples’ health and utilization of rare earth reasonable.Methods: In vivo study, oral administration of Sm（NO₃）₃ at Smg·L^-1,50 mg·L^-1,500mg·L^-1,2000mg·L（-1） and the control group with distilled water respectively for three months. All mice were sacrificed to determine the relative weights of spleen and thymus,observe histopathological changes of spleen under light microscope and TEM;the delayed type hypersensiticety （DTH） and E-rosette formation rate were analyzed for the activity of T lymphocyte;Immunoglobulin M,G were determined by the plaque forming cells and single radial immunodiffusion（SRID）;the ability for celiac macrophage phagocytosis to chicken red blood cell and murine macrophage engulfing carbon granula ability were carried to detected the peritoneal macrophage capacity;the activity of SOD and the MDA level in the serum were calculated by detection kit; 7 elements, including Sm,Ca,Cu,Zn,Fe,Ni and Mn, in the serum were determined by ICP-AES;antihemagglutination was evaluated by hemagglutination test; the shape of RBC were observed;the erythrocyte immunity function was studied by detecting the rate of E-C_3bR and E-ICR.Results: 1.Compared with the control group, the body weight in other groups were not marked changes（P>0.05）;the thymus index of mice in更多还原