【作者】 刘鹤翔；

【导师】 贺建华； 欧阳叙向；

【作者基本信息】 湖南农业大学 ， 农业推广， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 采用80只3～4月龄的湘东黑山羊羔羊，研究三种不同营养的补饲水平对肥育羔羊的日增重、经济效益、屠宰性能、肉质、血液生化指标的影响。分别在冬、春两个季节进行为期2个月的补饲。试验按完全随机单因子设计，每个季节设4个处理，即3个精料补饲组与1个对照组，每个处理10个重复，每个重复1头湘东黑山羊。参考NRC(1981)的山羊饲养标准设计补充饲料配方，每个季节的3个补饲试验组饲粮的精粗比分别按30∶70，40∶60，50∶50确定，平均补饲量依次按100、200、300g／d·只。结果表明： 1．冬季补饲试验1、2、3组平均日增重分别为62.75g、80.00g、85.92g，分别比对照组提高42.06％、81.12％、94.52％，试验1组与对照组差异显著(P＜0.05)，试验2、3组比对照组差异极显著(P＜0.01)，试验2、3组与试验1组差异显著(P＜0.05)。春季补饲试验1、2、3组平均日增重分别为85.33g、93.50g、100.83g，分别比对照组提高38.00％、51.22％、63.08％，试验1、2、3组与对照组差异均为极显著(P＜0.01)，试验3组与试验1组差异显著(P＜0.05)。从季节对补饲效果来看，冬季的高精料补饲(精粗比=40～50∶60～50)与低精料补饲(精粗比=30∶70以下)有显著差异；春季的精料补饲量对增重影响不大(精粗比40∶60与30∶70差异不显著)。冬季补饲以精粗料比40∶60为好，春季以30∶70为好。 2．冬季补饲使试验1、2、3组比对照组增加利润分别为5.14、9.23、4.49元／只；春季补饲使试验1、2、3组比对照组增加利润分别为8.97、5.98、2.349元／只。经济效益比较好的补饲量是，冬季187.5g／d，春季154.1g／d。 3．冬季补饲的试验3组比试验1、2组的胴体重分别高出了7.79％和5.64％，屠宰率均高出了1.02％，试验2、3组的眼肌面积比试验1组分别高出24.34％和19.25％。试验1、2、3组之间肉质性状，除系水力、贮存率外，其它指标差异均不显著，试验3组比试验1、2组的系水力高出1.98％和1.28％，贮存率高出1.87％和1.24％。 4．冬季肥育羔羊的血清尿素氮、钙、无机磷与总蛋白含量在各组间的变化范围依次是：19.77～20.98mg／dL、8.28～10.52mg／dL、4.14～4.80mg／dL、72.53～81.33g／L。其中，血清尿素氮在试验1、2组最低而且很接近，分别为19.84、19.77mg／dL，对照组与试验3组比较高而且很接近，分别为20.99、20.35mg／dE，说明了试验1、2组的饲粮蛋白质平衡性比对照组与试验3组好。采食后3h、5h血清尿素氮各试验组间更多还原

【Abstract】 Eighty Xiangdong black goats aged from 3 months to 4 months were selected to study the effect of three different supplemental concentrates on the average daily gain, profit, cacass performance, meat quality and serum biochemical indxes.The supplementary feeding time was with 2 months long during winter and spring. This trial was divided to 4 groups each season according to completely randomized single factor design,and each group had 10 goats.The ratio of concentrate to forage of diets was 30 : 70,40 : 60,50 : 50 respectively, supplementary formulated according to the standard of NRC (1981) about goat, respectively.In the 3 groups, the average supplementary quantity was 100, 200, 300g/d a goat..The results indicated:1. The average daily gain of 3 supplementary treatments were 62.75g, 80.00g ,85.92g , and increased 42.06%,81.12%,94.52% than that of control group respectively during winter. There were difference significantly(P<0.05) between three treat groups and the control group and there was more difference (P<0.01) significantly between group 2 and group 3;The average daily grain of 3 treat groups were 85.33g, 93.50g, 100.83g, and increased 38.00%,51.22%,63.08% than that of the control group respectively.There was more difference (P <0.01) significantly between three treat groups and control group respectively ,and there was difference significantly (P <0.05) between group 3 and the control group. From season for supplemental effects, there was significant difference (P<0.05) between high (ratio of concentrate to roughage forage=40 ～ 50 : 60 ～ 50) and low (ratio of concentrate to roughage forage=30 : 70) concentrate supplementary feeding in winter , but there was no significant difference in spring trial. Better groups of supplemental effect were trial 2 group in winter and trial 1 group in spring.2. The profits of group 1,2,3 were increased 5.14,9.23,4.49Yuan/head than the control group respectively during winter,and increased 8.97, 5.98, 2.349 Yuan/head respectively during spring.The group supplemented concentrate with 187.5 g/d in winter and 154.1 g/d in spring showed better更多还原