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酸性室温离子液体催化松香和松节油反应规律的研究

Study on the Reactions of Rosin and Turpentine Catalysized by Acdic Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids

【作者】 刘仕伟

【导师】 于世涛;

【作者基本信息】 青岛科技大学 , 化学工艺, 2006, 硕士

【摘要】 本文以咪唑类离子液体为研究对象,合成了溴化1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑盐-[C2mim]Br、氯化1-n-丁基-3-甲基咪唑盐-[C4mim]Cl和氯化1-n-辛基-3-甲基咪唑盐-[Csmim]Cl,使之与四氟硼酸盐、四氟硼酸及三氯化铝进行反应制得离子液体四氟硼酸1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑-[C2mim]BF4、四氟硼酸1-n-丁基-3-甲基咪唑-[C4mim]BF4、四氟硼酸1-n-辛基-3-甲基咪唑-[C8mim]BF4、1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑氯化铝盐-[C2mim]Br-AlCl3、1-n-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氯化铝盐-[C4mim]Cl-AlCl3和1-n-辛基-3-甲基咪唑氯化铝盐-[C8mim]Cl-AlCl3。采用FT-IR、1H-NMR和13C-NMR对[C2mim]Br、[C4mim]Cl、[C8mim]Cl、[C2mim]BF4、[C4mim]BF4及[C8mim]BF4的结构进行了表征;以[Camim]Cl-AlCl3为代表,采用Hammett指示剂法表征了该类离子液体的酸强度;采用乙腈探针红外光谱法表征了该类离子液体的酸类型。 松油醇酯化、松节油聚合及松香聚合反应,在工业中有广泛用途,它们都是重要的酸催化反应,普遍使用磷酸、浓硫酸和无水AlCl3等强酸催化剂,这些催化剂存在用量大、设备腐蚀严重、反应后需中和水洗、环境污染严重及不能重复或再生使用等缺点。本研究基于对离子液体诸多独特性能的了解和对上述各模型反应存在缺陷的认识,首次在离子液体构成的酸性复合催化体系催化下对各模型反应规律进行了研究,详细考察了反应时间、反应温度、溶剂、催化剂用量等因素对各模型反应的影响,得到了较佳的工艺条件。其中以酸性H3PO4-[C4mim]BF4离子液体复合催化体系催化松油醇酯化反应较佳工艺条件为:摩尔比n(松油醇):n(乙酸酐)=1:1.5,质量比m(松油醇):m([C4mim]BF4):m(H3PO4)=5:5:0.03,反应温度40℃,反应时间10h。在该条件下,粗产物中未反应松油醇的含量仅为0.9%,松油酯的含量达到86.5%;以酸性[Camim]Cl-AlCl3/SbCl3离子液体复合催化体系催化松节油聚合反应较佳工艺条件为:质量比m(松节油):m(甲苯):m([C4mim]Cl):m(AlCl3):m(SbCl3)=15:15:2:3:1.5,反应温度-10℃,反应时间4~5h。在该条件下,固体树脂产物的收率为64%,软化点达104℃;以酸性H2SO4-[C8mim]BF4离子液体复合催化体系催化松香聚合反应较佳工艺条件为:质量比m(松香):m(甲苯):m(H2SO4):m([C8mim]BF4)=10:10:3:5,反应温度70℃,反应时间4h,在该条件下,可得到聚合产物的软化点为135℃,酸值为142mgKOH.g-1;同时对上述各模型

【Abstract】 At first, we prepared 1-Emtyl-3-methylimidazolium Bromide ([C2mim]Br), 1-n-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Chloride ([C4mim]Cl), 1-n-octyl-3- methylimidazo -lium Chloride ([C8mim]Cl). Then, 1-Emtyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C2mim]BF4), 1-n-Butyl-3-methy- limidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C4mim]BF4) , 1-n-Octyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C8mim]BF4), 1-Emtyl-3-methylimidazolium choroaluminate (III) ([C2mim]Br-AlCl3), 1-n-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium choroaluminate (III) ([C4mim]Cl-AlCl3) and 1-n-Octyl-3 -methylimidazolium choroaluminate (III) ([C8mim]Cl-AlCl3) have been synthesized. [C2mim]Br, [C4inim]Cl, [C8mim]Cl, [C2mim]BF4, [C4mim]BF4 and [C8mim]BF4 have been characterized and analyzed by UV, IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra. As [C4mim]Cl-AlCl3 for example, the acidity of such ionic liquids have been determined by using pyridine as IR spectroscopic probe and the method ofHammett.The esterification of terpineol, the polymerization of turpentine and rosin are important processes in chemistry and industry of forest products. These reactions are concerned with using the inorganic acid as catalysts. Such traditional catalysts used in the processes are H3PO4, H2SO4, and AlCl3, which are of some drawbacks such as too large amounts of usage, which need to be neutralized after the reaction and may result in pollution to the environment, and no regenerable. Consequently, methods that successfully minimize their use or recycle them are much attention. On the basis of understanding of the drawbacks of these processes and the advantage of ionic liquids, the synthesized composite catalytic systems of ionic liquids were firstly used as

【关键词】 离子液体催化松香松节油
【Key words】 ionic liquidscatalysisrosinturpentine
  • 【分类号】O643.32
  • 【被引频次】1
  • 【下载频次】351
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