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石化工业污水中有机污染物的分析与治理

Analysis and Treatment of the Organic Pollutants in Petrochemical Industry Wastewater

【作者】 孟凡春

【导师】 董慧茹;

【作者基本信息】 北京化工大学 , 分析化学, 2006, 硕士

【摘要】 石化工业是一个复杂的行业,所排放的污水中包含着种类繁多的有机污染物,其中有许多有机污染物不易降解,能在生物体内积累,有的还是致癌物质,如多环芳烃、芳香胺、含氮杂环化合物等。因此,石化工业污水中有机污染物的分析与治理对保护水环境有着十分重要的意义,开发处理流程简单,周期短,高效且经济划算的污水处理技术已成为当今世界各国普遍关心的重大课题。 本文通过系统的实验研究,建立了一种分离富集与检测石化工业污水中有机污染物的新方法,即溶剂浮选—气相色谱—质谱联用法。考察了溶液的pH值,通气速度,溶液离子强度,浮选时间,相比以及不同溶剂对浮选效果的影响,优化了浮选条件,溶剂浮选效率达到95%以上。采用所述方法对燕山石化工业污水中的有机污染物进行分离富集和鉴定,证明了该方法的可行性。 针对石化工业污水中存在的主要有机污染物的种类和特点,本文分别采用“通气电絮凝—反渗透法”和“电絮凝—气浮—H2O2氧化法”对石化工业污水有机污染物进行处理,优化了两种处理方法的实验条件,评价了两种方法的污水处理效果。通过对两种处理方法的比较,推荐使用“电絮凝—气浮—H2O2氧化法”。“电絮凝—气浮—H2O2

【Abstract】 Petrochemical industry is a complex trade. There are a lot of organic pollutants in the petrochemical industry wastewater. Some of these organic pollutants can’t be decomposed, and will build-up in organism and carcinogenic, such as polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon, aromatic amine, nitrogen heterocyclic compounds etc. Therefore, it is significative for protect water environment to find some methods to treat the organic pollutants in the petrochemical industry wastewater. It is the most important task interested in all over the world to develop a simple and high efficiency method for treating wastewater.From systemic studying a novel method for separating and enriching and analysing the organic pollutants in the petrochemical industry wastewater was proposed that is the solvent sublation-GC-MS technique. The effects of the pH of the solution, air flow rate, the ion strength of the solution, sublation time, the phase ratio and different solvents on the solvent sublation were investigated in details. In the optimal conditions selected the solvent sublation efficiency of the organics is more than 95%. The experimental results proved that this method could be used to separate,

  • 【分类号】X74
  • 【被引频次】6
  • 【下载频次】733
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