【作者】 李金霞；

【导师】 陆维昌；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 物理化学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本文采用新型气液混合泵(NIKNI泵)作为微气泡发生装置，可稳定产生20—30μm的微气泡。该装置具有能耗低、操作简单、占地面积小的优点。在实验室内将该泵组装成部分回流式溶气系统，进行了充氧实验的研究，并将微气泡和超强氧化剂(高铁酸钾)联用，用来处理含有固体颗粒的污水体系。 本论文首先使用微气泡气浮除去污水中大部分的不溶性固体颗粒物质，然后加入高铁酸盐进行超强氧化。采用这种方法可以将有机污染物分步处理，减少了所需氧化剂的用量。在微气泡净水过程中涉及了气、液、固三相体系运动的界面物理化学知识。微气泡在水体中形成高分散气液界面，可起到气浮净水，氧化有机物，增氧的作用。高铁酸盐是一种新型绿色水处理剂，具有比传统氯源氧化剂更强的氧化性，可用于氧化降解污水中的难降解有机物。本文采用电解法制备高铁酸盐溶液，制备过程中首次使用了琼脂凝胶作为物理隔膜，这在国内外未有文献报道。研究了阳极材料、阳极表面积、电流密度对电解效率和高铁酸根生成浓度的影响，摸索了制备过程的最佳实验条件。 本文将这一联用技术用于生活污水的处理，摸索了气浮装置工艺条件，研究了pH值和投加量对高铁酸盐氧化效果的影响。结果表明：曹杨水质净化厂的污水经过微气泡气浮反应处理后，COD去除率约为60％，浊度去除率为73％～91％，污水中的SS去除率为64％～86％；气浮后的污水中投加一定量的高铁酸盐可进一步氧化降解污水中的难降解有机物，这种联合工艺可以使出水COD去除率提高到70％，污水的浊度去除率达95％以上，处理效果显著。更多还原

【Abstract】 The novel multiphase pump (NIKNI pump) was applied to produce micro-bubble, of which diameter was about 20-30μm. The pump has advantages of convenience, low energy consumption and little occupied area. In this paper, the pump was assembly to dissolved air floatation apparatus for the study of adding oxygen into water. Micro-bubble and ferrate which is a kind of super oxidants were used to treat with sewage which contains solid particles.In this paper, most of the indissoluble solid particles could be removed by floatation of micro-bubble in the sewage. Then ferrate was added into the sewage to oxidize the organic pollutions, by which the organic pollution could be treated with step by step. So the dosage of oxidants could be decreased. In the process of purify, the interfacial chemistry principles of multiphase among gas, liquid and solid were observed. When numerous bubbles stay in the water , the high dispersed interface between gas and liquid can form, whose effects involve such as floatation, oxidation, enriching the oxygen of water. Ferrate is a kind of novel green reagent for water purify, holding stronger oxidation ability than conventional Cl-oxidant. So it can be used to degrade the substance which is difficult to be degraded by other oxidants.The solution of ferrate was produced by electrolysis method in this paper, and using the agar gel as septum which was not reported. The factors that effect the concentration of ferrate and electric current efficiency were studied, such as anode material, electric current density.The urban sewage was treated by the joint technology. The conditions of floatation and influence of pH and ferrate dosage on oxidation were studied. The results indicate that removal efficiency of SS is 64%-86%, removal efficiency of turbid is 73%-91%, removal efficiency of COD is 60%, and then after ferrate oxidization, removal efficiency of COD changes to 70%, removal efficiency of turbid increases to 95%.更多还原