【作者】 谢鹏辉；

【导师】 夏斌；

【作者基本信息】 南昌大学 ， 动物学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 外来入侵生物椰心叶甲是亚太地区棕榈科植物的毁灭性害虫。本文就利用绿僵菌Metarhizium anisopliae防治椰心叶甲Brontispa longissima进行了研究，研究内容包括：菌株的分离鉴定与分离株的筛选；绿僵菌菌株对椰心叶甲致病力的测定；绿僵菌与化学药剂的相容性的测定：绿僵菌侵染和姬小蜂寄生椰心叶甲的关系；椰心叶甲的野外防治试验。主要结果如下： （1） 采集的7个菌株经鉴定均为金龟子绿僵菌；不同菌株间的生物学特性存在一定的差异：萨氏培养基上的菌落生长速率前期差异不显著，后期Mhu菌株生长速率明显比其他几株菌要高；在菌株间产孢量、孢子萌发率均存在显著性差异：对椰心叶甲4龄幼虫的致病率，有M09菌株和Mhu菌株达到90％以上显著高于其他菌株。由此筛选出优良菌株M09和Mhu进行继代培养的研究，以获得适用于大量生产应用的菌株。在进行5代连续培养后结果表明菌株M09稳定性较好。 （2） 根据绿僵菌对不同龄期椰心叶甲死亡率的测定并采用时间—剂量—死亡率模型模拟分析，结果表明：绿僵菌对不同龄期椰心叶甲都有较强的致病力，但是对各龄期间的致病力存在一定差异，对1龄幼虫的致病力最强，对成虫和5龄幼虫致病力较弱；时间—剂量—死亡率模型模拟拟合良好，各致死浓度显然是时间的参数，即达到同一致死水平的时间越长，所需的菌液浓度就越低，反之亦然；同等致死水平下，致死时间随绿僵菌菌液处理浓度的增大而缩短。 寄主植物对绿僵菌的致病力有影响，致病力大小顺序为蒲葵＞大王椰＞国王椰＞椰子；绿僵菌对不同寄主上的椰心叶甲4龄幼虫的致死时间分别与寄主植物和浓度相关，在三个浓度下致死时间LT₅₀分别为7.2d-.9d、5.0-.7d和4.8-.7d。 （3） 对6种农药常规使用浓度、亚致死浓度、次亚致死浓度对绿僵菌菌落生长影响进行了研究，结果表明：6种农药对绿僵菌生长都存在一定的抑制作用，其中杀虫单的抑制作用最弱与绿僵菌的相容性较好。其次亚致死浓度作用5d后和作用10d后的抑制率低于均5％，亚致死浓度作用5d后的抑制率为15％，10d后降到5.90％，表明杀虫单与绿僵菌有较好的相容性。 低剂量杀虫单与绿僵菌配成混合剂作用于椰心叶甲成虫致死率明显要比单更多还原

【Abstract】 Brontispa longissima originating from the Pacific islands, was a invasive pest in china. It was very dangerous and devastating for the palm plants. This paper is to research the control of B.longissima with Metarhizium anisopliae. It include the isolation and select of M.anisopliae; The infection of different instars and host plants to the pathogenicity of dominat isotates; its compatibility to chemical pesticide; the relationship between infection by M.anisopliae and parasitism by Asecodes hispinamm showed that the efficiency in controlling B.longissima; the effect of B.longissima control with M.anisopliae by different measures in fields. The following are the investigation results:（1） Seven strains of M. anisopliae were selected for bioassay against larvae of B.longissima. There were some different among seven strains in biological characters. There are were no significant different in the mycelia growth in media SDAY but Mhu was expected. There were significant different in the sporulation yields, germination velocity and germination rate. The pathogenicity of strains Mhu and M09 to fourth instar of B.longissima is very high, and the mortalities are higher than 90% afer 15 days of treatment. These characters of the fungus are consistent to some extent, the dominant isolate M09 and Mhu were selected to study in stability through being successionally cultured in five generations. The result showed that M09 was better than Mhu.（2） The isolate M09 was bioassayed for its virulence toward B.longissima inoculated with suspensions of 10⁴、10⁵、10⁶、10⁷ and 10⁸ conidia/ml. The resulting data were well fitted to time-dose-mortality model, yielding estimates of parameters for time and dose effects of each isolate. The mortality of B. longissima had a positive relationship with time and conentration of supensions, it increased with time and the concentration. The same concentration against different instars indicated that the mortality was more powerful to younger instars than fifth instars and adults. Host plant influenced the virulence of M. anisopliae, it was Livistona chinensis > Roystonea regia > Revenea rivularis > Cocos nucifera. LT₅₀ values depend on both of the host plants and concentrations.更多还原