【作者】 李静；

【导师】 李东辉；

【作者基本信息】 南昌大学 ， 比较文学与世界文学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 梭罗是19世纪美国浪漫主义诗人。他热爱自然，敬畏自然，他对自然的极具诗意的描写，使其作品成为美国散文中的经典。作为超验主义爱默生的追随者，梭罗早期信奉“万物有灵”，认为自然是精神的象征。后来，他越来越走向自然主义，认为自然是实实在在的本真的存在，是一切生命的源泉。人是自然的一部分，是自然的子女。人与自然的关系，应该是一种“温柔的”“人际关系”。人应该善待自然、保护自然并回归自然。正是基于这一新颖独特而又博大深邃的自然伦理观，所以他才成为生态主义的先驱，被誉为美国生态文学的源头和奠基人。 本文从三个方面分析梭罗的自然观：第一部分从梭罗的生活经历、历史文化语境、爱默生的影响等视角，探索梭罗自然观的思想资源、历史资源及其形成过程。第二部分剖析梭罗自然观的文化内涵：自然之美、自然之灵、自然之子，构成了梭罗自然观的三个维度、三个层次，而他的代表作《瓦尔登湖》则集中体现了他的自然伦理观，并与中国哲学／美学“天人合一”的宇宙观暗相契合，极具生态美学独特的审美意味，堪称生态文学之经典与范本。第三部分，则以当代生态批评之兴起和对梭罗的关注为切入点，论述梭罗自然观的当代意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Thoreau is the American romantic poet of 19th century. He loves nature and is in owe of nature, and his poetic descriptions of nature make his works become the classics in the American prose. As the adherent of the Transcendentalism, of which Emerson is the leader, in his early time Thoreau embraces that everything has spirit and nature is the emblem of spirit. Later, he gradually directs to naturalism, and embraces that nature is not only the existence of practice and reality, but also the headspring of all animas. He believes that human is only one part of nature and is nature’s children. The relation between human and nature should be (?)a certain tender relationship. Human should be amicable to nature, preserve nature and return to nature. Based on this novel and abstruse view of nature and ethic, he is reputed as the forerunner and founder of the American Ecoliterature.The thesis analyzes Thoreau’s view on nature from three aspects: The first part explores his idealistic origin, the historic resource and the course in which Thoreau’s view on nature came into being from three angles that are Thoreau’s life experience, the context of history and culture, and Emerson’s influence. The second part analyzes the cultural connotation of Thoreau’s view on nature which is made up of three dimensions and three layers that are the beauty of nature, the spirit of nature and the family of nature. The Walden Or Life in the woods primarily embodies Thoreau’s view on nature and corresponds to Chinese ancient human affinity with nature and the universe, The Walden also takes on the aesthetic significance and should be regarded as the classics or model of Ecoliterature. The third part discusses the modern implication of Thoreau’s, view on nature by analyzing the rise of modern Ecocriticism and the Ecocriticism’s concern on Thoreau.更多还原