闪锌矿氧化动力学及其非线性现象研究

【作者】 赵龙云；

【导师】 谭凯旋；

【作者基本信息】 南华大学 ， 采矿工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 自然或人为采矿活动暴露的硫化物矿物的氧化作用，常产生一定范围的次生地球化学异常和严重的环境污染。因此，硫化物矿物的氧化动力学受到高度重视。闪锌矿是硫化物矿床最常见的金属矿物或工业矿物之一，无论自然风化或采矿选冶活动，都将促使闪锌矿氧化，在一定条件下将危害环境。因此，通过对闪锌矿氧化动力学及其非线性现象的研究可以更好的观察和监测硫化物的氧化过程，掌握硫化物的氧化机理，为解决矿山环境污染和二次开发问题提供一定的研究依据。 本文采用水浴法在不同介质、介质浓度和温度条件下对闪锌矿进行氧化动力学实验研究，考察了黄铁矿、方铅矿和氧化亚铁硫杆菌对闪锌矿氧化影响。通过实验获得闪锌矿氧化动力学数据，计算出反应速率、反应速率常数、反应级数和反应活化能，并在此基础上建立了闪锌矿氧化动力学方程。实验结果表明，反应速率随时间产生非周期性振荡，介质三氯化铁对闪锌矿氧化效果好于硫酸铁，介质浓度提高也有利于闪锌矿的氧化；三氯化铁为介质活化能为42.21KJ·mol^-1，反应为化学控制过程，温度对反应速率的影响比较大，而以硫酸铁为介质反应活化能为22.94KJ·mol^-1，反应为扩散控制过程，温度对反应速率的影响就比较小；氧化亚铁硫杆菌在pH值为2时氧化效果最佳，pH过高或者过低都不利于氧化亚铁硫杆菌生长，不利于闪锌矿氧化；方铅矿和黄铁矿都不利于闪锌矿氧化，但方铅矿比黄铁矿更不利于闪锌矿氧化。更多还原

【Abstract】 The oxidation of sulfide minerals exposed by natural or artificial mining activity is often responsible for secondary geochemical anomaly and serious environmental pollution in a certain range. So study on kinetics of sulfide oxidation has gained ever-increasing attention in many research fields. Sphalerite is one of the commonest metallic or industrial minerals in sulfide deposits. Whatever natural weathering or mineral processing and metallurgical activity will promote oxidation of sphalerite and threaten environment under certain conditions. Therefore , research on oxidation kinetics of sphalerite and nonlinear phenomena favour observation of sulphide oxidation and understanding of its oxidation mechanism which provides theoretical basis for solving mine environment and redevelopment problems.In this thesis, a series of oxidation experiments were performed with water bath under variable conditions such as medium, concentration, pH, temperature. The influence of pyrite, galena and Thiobacillus ferroxidans(T.f) on leaching of sphalerite were investigated respectively. The reaction rate, reaction constant, reaction order and activation energy are analyzed and calculated through the experiment and the kinetic equation of its oxidation was also established. The phenomena of periodical oscillation was observed and its possible mechanism was discussed. Oxidation of sphalerite in ferric chloride solution was faster更多还原