我国商业银行消费信贷的风险管理

【作者】 黎洁；

【导师】 周光伟；

【作者基本信息】 西南财经大学 ， 金融学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 消费信贷是为满足消费者消费的一种融资性活动,起源于17世纪20年代的英国。它的发展得益于直接融资市场的逐渐完善。西方国家银行消费信贷业务的开展为银行赢得了巨额利润,消费信用余额逐年攀升,发达国家消费信贷总额一般占信贷总额的30—50%,其中,美国的消费信贷总额在社会信贷额度中所占的比重高达70%,德国为60%,并且发达国家商业银行利润的40%都来源于消费信贷。在我国,消费信贷作为一种重要的信用方式,用于启动消费市场,扩大需求,我国这一业务从上世纪九十年代才开始起步,但发展得较快。截至2005年末,居民消费信贷总额已达到22000亿元,年均增长率约50%,住房贷款年均增长率约58%,汽车贷款年均增长率约40%。消费信贷业务已经越来越受到我国各家商业银行的重视,成为我国银行的新的利润增长点。在我国消费信贷业务快速发展的同时,制约该项业务发展的因素及在发展中存在的问题和风险也逐步暴露出来,其中以住房消费贷款和汽车消费贷款业务的风险最为突出。其主要原因一方面是由于消费信贷在我国起步较晚,各种规章及配套措施尚不健全,并且我国个人信用体系缺乏,消费者的信用意识薄弱,造成消费贷款中大量的违约情况产生,而由于失信者的违约成本很低,就进一步的恶化了消费信贷的环境;另一方面,商业银行本身风险管理水平不高,内控制度不完善,导致对消费信贷风险管理的不到位,也是使商业银行消费信贷业务风险加大的原因。2006年为中国加入WTO后向国外全面开放银行业务的最后期限,国内商业银行将面临国外银行的激烈竞争,当然也包括对消费信贷业务的竞争。而外资银行必定将通过其良好的品牌价值效应、优质的服务水平和先进的信用管理经验以及风险监控能力来争夺个人金融业务的市场份额。因此,加快发展我国商业银行个人消费信贷,并加强对个人消费信贷的风险管理水平就显得尤为迫切。这也是本文的研究背景。本文在分析我国商业银行消费信贷风险的表现、风险产生的原更多还原

【Abstract】 The consumption credit is a kind of financing activity which stemmed from Britain in 1620s. Its development profited from the consummation of the direct financing market. The western bank got a big amount profit by engaging in this business.In our country, the consumption credit is an important credit way to get the consumption market in gear and to expand the domestic demand. The consumption credit of our country started from 1990s,but it developed very fast, by the end of 2005, the amount of consumption credit got to the 170 billion yuan, its growth rate is 50% per year, the growth rate of housing consumption credit is 58% per year, the growth rate of automobile consumption credit is 40% per year. The business of consumption credit is paid great attention by commercial bank of our country and it will be the rising point of expectation profit.The consumption credit has its characteristic whose risk is indefinite. At the same time, our commercial banks are lack of risk management experience of consumption credit. Lastly, the deficiency of individual credit is a problem that will increase the risk of the business of consumption credit of commercial bank. So it is important to research how to manage the risk of consumption credit of commercial bank in our country.The construction of this paper as follows: Chapter 1, general introduction of consumption credit and its current situation in our country; Chapter 2, analyze the type of the risks and the current risk situation in our country; Chapter 3, analyze the reason of causing the consumption credit risk; Chapter 4 and Chapter 5, put forward the main thinking of manage the consumption credit risk, including standardize the internal management of commercial bank and establish a better social circumstance.更多还原