我国邮政储蓄面临的困难及其对策

【作者】 潘彦先；

【导师】 向重伦；

【作者基本信息】 西南财经大学 ， 金融学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 我国的邮政储蓄是在1986年经济出现比较严重的通胀形势下恢复并开办的,曾经为我国抑制通货膨胀发挥过积极的作用。最初的邮政储蓄业务,实际上是邮政部门代理人民银行经办储蓄。1989年11月,邮政储蓄由邮政部门代人民银行办理吸收存款改为自办,与人民银行的关系由缴存改为转存,邮政储蓄收入由代办费改为利差。自此,人民银行对邮政储蓄一直给与高额补贴。随着我国经济形势的变化,邮政储蓄的职能已经不像当初那么显著,甚至与我国的宏观经济政策相抵触,邮政储蓄的功过受到人们的质疑。同时,人行对邮政储蓄的优惠政策在逐步减少,2003年改革邮政储蓄转存款利率计息办法,明确自2003年8月1日起,邮政储蓄新增存款转存中国人民银行的部分,按照金融机构准备金存款利率(年利率为1.89%)计息,而此前的邮政储蓄老转存款必须在五年之内全部自主运用,每年消化20%。近几年,银监局对邮政储蓄的监管也越来越加强,邮政储蓄的改革迫不及待。内外问题与困难重重,邮政储蓄路在何方?本文就是试图解决这个问题的。本文共四章。第一章,对国内外的邮政储蓄进行了概述。首先简要介绍了我国邮政储蓄的发展历史,然后介绍了发达国家邮政储蓄的发展现状,希望能对我国邮政储蓄提供一些有益的启示,最后列举了邮政储蓄与银行储蓄的差别,目的是将银行业的一些发展策略应用到邮政储蓄改革当中。第二章,详细地陈述了目前我国邮政储蓄存在的主要问题与困难,并深入分析了这些问题与困难的成因。邮政储蓄的问题与困难表现在:其一,邮政储蓄的发展滞后于整个金融体系市场化的进程,业务过于单一,人员素质较低,内部管理滞后,管理很不规范,外部监管欠缺,邮政储蓄与邮政的其他业务统一核算,银监局很难对其进行有效监管,这一方面因为邮政储蓄成立较晚,另一方面也是更重要的是由邮政储蓄成立之初的体更多还原

【Abstract】 This is the first article about the problems and difficulties of China postal savings and the comprehensive and systematic solution. There are four chapters in this article.In chapter one, I summary the domestic postal savings, and then brief the postal savings of the developed country, just hope to provide some beneficial enlightenment to our China postal savings.In chapter two, I state in detail about the present main question and difficulty of postal savings, and profoundly analyze the reason. I think the biggest reason lies in the system of postal savings, there must be something wrong with the system. There are some other reasons. Firstly, the postal savings development lag in the entire financial system market, such as too sole service, low personnel quality, lag and not very standard internal management, and be short of exterior supervising and managing etc. secondly, the non-independent calculation mechanism of postal savings; thirdly, the entire postal service department deficient vigor and competition consciousness; fourthly, at present the postal savings technical level is still very weak.The third chapter is the key content of this article. I explore some good response for the development of postal savings .The most important thing is to reform the system of postal savings, and give it a clear market positioning. According to the overseas success experience, I believe that to establish independent calculates postal savings bank is the ultimately organizational reform of the world postal savings, also is the final direction of the postal savings organizational reform of our country. Here I focus on three aspects of exploration the solution. The first is to make good use of postal savings funds, the postal savings utilization of capital更多还原