【作者】 李双余；

【导师】 张乐年；

【作者基本信息】 南京航空航天大学 ， 航空宇航制造工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 自动焦度计是用于测量镜片光学参数的仪器,是眼镜行业所必备的仪器之一。自动焦度计通常由光学系统、精密机械、光电检测器件(通常为CCD传感器)及电气控制等部分组成,涉及光、机、电等方面的知识。长期以来,自动焦度计主要依赖于国外进口,相应资料非常有限。本课题参考了国外自动焦度计的专利,同时研究了相关文献,在此基础上,对自动焦度计的算法原理及实现展开研究。本文首先介绍了焦度计的概况、自动焦度计的工作原理、ARM单片机及图像传感器;然后结合自动焦度计的工作原理,对焦度计中一些光学参数的算法以及中心像点的位置检测算法进行了研究和讨论;接着介绍了总体方案的设计、光路系统的设计、机械系统的设计以及电气系统的设计;接下来重点讨论了硬件和软件的设计。在硬件设计中,介绍了数据采集系统的设计和数据处理系统的设计;在软件设计中,介绍了启动程序的设计、驱动程序以及测量程序的设计。在本文的末尾,结合本课题研制的一台样机,对测量结果以及存在的问题做了简要分析。研究结果表明,基于双CCD和ARM的自动焦度计具有测量准确、速度快、性能稳定、成本低、使用方便等优点。更多还原

【Abstract】 The automatic focimeter, one of the necessary instruments for the spectacle shop, is used for the specifications of lenses. The automatic focimeter is usually made up of the optical system, precise mechanical system, photoelectricity detecting devices (CCD sensers are commonly used), and electrical controls, involving the optical technology, mechanical technology, electrical technology, etc. For a long time, the automatic focimeter has been mainly imported and the related document is limited. Based on the patent of the foreign automatic focimeter and related document, the principle and realization of the automatic focimeter are studied in this project.Firstly, the circumstances of focimeter, the working principle of automatic focimeter, the MCU ARM and the picture sensor are introduced in this paper.And then based on the optical principle of the automatic focimeter, the research on the optical arithmetic of lens’parameters and the arithmetic on the picture point are presented.And after that, the design of the whole system,the design of the optical system,the design of the mechanical system and the design of the electrical system are discussed . And then the design of the hardware system and the design of the software system are emphatically discussed. And the design of the data collection system and the the design of the data analysis system are presented in the design of the hardware system; the design of the start-up programme, the design of the driving programme and the design of the measuring programme are introduced. At last, combined with a sample machine which is invented in this poject, some geodesic results and some problems in it are analysed in this paper. The auomatic focimeter based on double CCDs and ARM is accurate, fast, steady capability, convenient, etc.更多还原