【作者】 刘伟；

【导师】 李春隆；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 世界史， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 苏共之所以丧权,苏联之所以瓦解,其根源很多,其中一个重要的原因就是苏联共产党内出现了一个官僚特权阶层。研究苏共党内的特权阶层是如何形成的,其有什么影响和教训,不仅在学术上具有意义,而且对于我国的政治体制改革也具有借鉴意义。本文在借鉴相关的研究成果的基础上,参考新的中文资料和俄文资料,拟对斯大林时期的“官僚特权阶层”进行比较系统的探讨。斯大林时期“官僚特权阶层”的形成有俄国历史文化传统的因素和斯大林个人的因素,此外,也是列宁遗留的问题。斯大林时期“官僚特权阶层”的形成分为两个阶段:初步阶段和强化阶段。斯大林时期“官僚特权阶层”它的影响是巨大的,留下的教训也是深刻的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Soviet so failure and the collapse of the Soviet Union, because the Soviet Communist Party traced back to the emergence of a bureaucratic elite. Soviet party elite is how to shape the impact and lessons for us to build socialism with Chinese characteristics have great significance.In related research on the basis of the Chinese information and the new Russian reference information, the paper proposed to Stalin era " bureaucratic elite " explore issues, trying to note the Soviet bureaucratic elite in the Stalin era and the beginning of the formation.All of the Stalin era " bureaucratic elite " issue analysis divided into four parts :Part I: Stalin era "bureaucratic elite" forming conditions. Stalin era "bureaucratic elite" forming a historical conditions and its internal Stalin personal factors. Former Russian October Revolution is a centralized feudal serfdom, the absolute monarchy. Totalitarian ideology entrenched in Russia. After the October Revolution, the party’s concentration was preserved. Then in a harsh civil war era, the need for efficient management structure, concentration of power needs, then the appointment of cadres at all levels adopted the appointment system. Meanwhile, the pursuit of personal fame and fortune some, the speculative gain dissidents and old partisan party members from sneaking into the Russian Communist Party, the corruption of party atmosphere. Russia and culturally backward, and this is the emergence and growth of bureaucracy the best soil. Domestic military war fighting tasks hampered all members of the masses, especially to new party members communism education. No education will be difficult to raise the political consciousness of working people and political accomplishments, it is difficult to increase their sense of ownership and responsibility, awareness and更多还原