公共政策中的政府利益分析

【作者】 刘妍；

【导师】 刘智勇；

【作者基本信息】 电子科技大学 ， 行政管理， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 从我国现状来看,运用公共政策对全社会利益进行调整和分配的政府,在利益的选择分配中起着重大的作用。我国政府仍然是一个代表全民利益的化身,无论是充当“守夜人”还是“裁判员”,政府的政策取向应当是基于全社会和整个国家的利益考虑,政府与人民的利益在根本上是一致的。但是,在市场经济催生的多元利益主体中,政府也是一个特定的利益主体。在公共政策的活动中,政府利益问题直接影响到政府机关及其公职人员的行为方式。在现实生活中,由于政府利益的客观存在,以及政策制定者也会按照“理性经济人”的思维方式选择自己的行动方式,所以还是会出现政府利益的错位和偏离现象,导致公共政策的失误、失真甚至误导,影响公共政策质量和效率,甚至严重违背了政策的公平、公正原则。在我国公共政策科学化、民主化的进程中,政府利益的存在有其一定的客观必然性。但它又会降低整个公共政策的有效性,成为影响公共政策价值实现的重要因素。对政府机构利益的考察应着眼于如何尽可能规范政府利益,并将它与社会利益协调一致,避免政府利益的存在对公共政策的干扰。因此,本文通过对政府利益根源的分析,提出了完善公共政策体制、强化公共政策中的政府利益约束机制和扩大社会参与等一系列措施,在对政府合理利益进行满足的基础上,最大限度地减少政府利益对公共政策的不利影响,以实现公共政策的公平、公正、科学化和民主化,这也是我国政府公共政策制定中面临的现实性很强的问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 Looking from the actuality of China, the government, which utilizes public policy to adjust and distribute the interest of the whole society, has exerted important function. Our government is still an avatar of the representative of the whole people’s interest. The tropism of the policy should be basic of the whole society and country, the government interest is consistent with the demos’radically.However, the government is also a special principal part of the multi-part of interest midwiferied by the market economy. In the activity of the public policy, the government interest will influence the governmental officers’s behavior directly. They will choose their action as a“rational economic person”, so it’s easy for government interest to make departure and encroach on the pulic interest, which leads to the misplay and misdirection of public policy. It’s also in violation of the principle of equity and justness.The existence of the government interest is inevitable. But it will depress the validity of the pulic policy and cumber the realization of the value of pulic policy. So, we should see about the criterion of the government interest and make which to be consistent with the social interest, avoiding its disturbance to public policy.Therefor, the paper put forward measures like perfecting the public policy system, strengthening the restricting system in government interest and broadening the participation of community, etc, via digging the springhead of government interest, which can reduce the disadvantage of government interest on the foundation of satisfaction with reasonable interest, and then realize the equity, justness, scientificalness and democratization. That is the realistic problem we must face in the public policy-establishment.更多还原