政府采购集中化存在的问题及对策研究

【作者】 焦蕾霓；

【导师】 祝小宁；

【作者基本信息】 电子科技大学 ， 行政管理， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 政府采购制度改革是我国公共财政改革的重要组成部分,引入我国从试点到推广实施仅有十年的时间,却取得了巨大的进展,《政府采购法》在2003年1月开始实施后,我国采用集中采购与分散采购相结合的政府采购方式,开始了我国政府采购的集中化趋势进程,从早期分散采购演变为大批量的集中的采购方式,当然,小批量分散采购也结合其中,列入政府集中采购目录的物资种类与采购数量大大增加,取得了巨大的进展,却也存在着不少的问题,具体表现为政府采购过程中出现的各种操作性问题和政府采购制度推进的障碍,以及政府采购的环境效益问题,操作性问题和政府采购制度推进的障碍问题本质上可归纳为两方面,即内在因素,这是事前性的,偏重于制度性、体制性等根本问题;外在因素,这是管理操作层面的因素,政府采购的环境效益问题是由政府是否采购绿色产品,推动绿色产品在社会的使用而引出的,于是,对政府采购集中化趋势中所暴露出的问题进行分析,找出问题的根源以探寻解决的思路及对策就显得尤为急迫。为什么在发达市场经济国家运作成熟的政府采购制度引入我国,会有这么多的问题?这主要是因为我们的市场体制尚不是真正“有效”的,我们处在转型时期,我们社会的经济环境、意识环境、技术环境以至人们的行为模式处在持续的变动之中。我国市场经济发展已初具规模,借鉴西方发达国家政府采购制度的成功经验与我国实际相结合加以运用是很自然的。改革势必影响到既定的利益格局,会撼动相当数量人的利益基础,会改变行政人员的工作方式,会影响人们的行为方式,它们必然会形成政府采购制度改革进展的一股反向力。这就致使改革更倾向于渐进地发生,但公共支出的压力要求政府采购制度的尽快实施,这样,冲突是难免的。本论文旨在对我国政府政府采购集中化的运行障碍的根本性原因及运作层面因素,以及政府集中采购的环境效益进行相关探索。政府采购集中化存在的问题有两个:一是政府采购集中化的运行障碍,二是政府采购集中化的环境效益问题。政府采购集中化的运行障碍有两个部分,第一,对政府采购制度改革态度不积极,有些部门有抵制情绪,在政府采购活动中采取各种变相措施阻止政府采购制度的执行;第二,政府采购制度运作过程中存在很多的不规范、不熟悉操作规则以及政策变形等问题,导致运行障碍的原因在本质上可归为两方面因素,即内在因素,这是事前性的,偏重于制度性、体制性等根本问题;外在因素,这是管更多还原

【Abstract】 The reform of government procurement institution is an important part of the process of establishing the public finance system. After January,2003,“the law of government procurement”came into force, both concentrative purchase and dispersive purchase are use by government, which starts an new trend of Government Purchase progress, using concentrative purchase to do more large quantity purchase, dispersive purchase is used less and less, it only used to do little quantity purchase. The list of Government Purchase has become longer and longer, the variety of materials and the quantity of materials has increased so sharply. Our country’s Government Purchase has made a great progress, but But we still need to take notice of the other side of the fact, there are two important issues, the first is the obstacle of the reforming process in the field of public finance system; and the second is the kinds of problems occurred in the process of government procurement. It can be essentially reduced to two factors, one is internal factor, it has great pertinence with the economic system; and the other is exterior factor, it’s about the operation of the government procurement. From the economic and social affairs, we know that these two disadvantage factors has done great resistance to the development of the government procurement .It went against the restructuring of the socialist market economic system. So, analyzing those problems, finding the roots, then we can find out the way to solve those problems.This thesis tries to analyze the basic reason of obstacle to the process, which happened under the trend of concentrative purchase of our government, it also discuss the of Government Purchase, at the end of this thesis, it also gives the countermeasure and advise to those problems.更多还原