无线传感器网络MAC协议软件设计及仿真测试

【作者】 任小晶；

【导师】 陈光（礻禹）；

【作者基本信息】 电子科技大学 ， 测试计量技术及仪器， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 无线传感器网络被认为是影响人类日常生活的重要技术之一,这一新兴技术结合了现有的多种先进技术,为人们提供了一种全新的获取信息、处理信息的途径。由于无线传感器网络的特殊性,它在网络组织、协议设计、网络运行等方面的问题都需要解决。论文结合中科院计算所及苏州中科集成电路设计中心承担的无线传感器网络系统的开发,对数据链路层协议的系统结构和软件设计进行了深入研究。论文从无线传感器网络体系结构出发,综合考虑数据链路层协议对冲突避免、能效、自适应规模扩展、信道利用率、延迟、流量以及网络公平性的要求,选择了多跳通信模式并给出了协议软件设计的整体框架:节点发现-网络自组织-网络维护-网络重组。首先针对已有的SMACS协议进行连接建立时间和基于假设条件的优化,通过仿真软件PARSEC进行仿真测试,论证了其基本上能满足无线传感器网络要求。然后综合考虑无线传感器网络的节能、自组织、多跳路由以及动态拓扑等方面的要求,设计了适合无线传感器网络的SMAC协议。协议采用周期性睡醒机制、RTS/CTS的握手机制、适应性侦听以及消息传输等机制,在节省能量的总前提下,有效地减少了延迟、避免冲突,保证网络流量,与传统的数据链路层协议相比,具有明显的优越性。通过仿真软件NS对SMAC协议的能耗、延迟、流量等参数进行仿真测试,进一步论证了SMAC协议的实用性。最后,给出了改进的SMACS协议和SMAC协议的应用范围以及今后的研究方向。本课题的具体工作为:1.完成基于现有无线传感器网络协议软件框架设计;2.完成对现有SMACS协议的改进程序设计;3.完成对现有SMACS协议的改进程序的仿真测试;4.完成SMAC协议程序设计;5.完成SMAC协议程序的仿真测试。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is regarded as one of most important technology which plays vital role in everyday life. Combining with many advanced technology, this new technology provides us with ways to receive and deal with information. But its distinct characteristics calls for challenges in protocol design, network organization and operation. The paper focuses on the design of MAC system and protocol realization based on the project of WSN System, which is sponsored by ICT and SZICC.First of all, the paper introduces the overall structure of the MAC protocol using the multi-hop communication mode, to fulfill the requirement of WSN in collision avoidance, energy efficiency and scalability to the change in network, bandwidth utilization, latency, throughout and fairness. First, the improvement in the connection building time and improvement based on hypothesis makes the existing SMACS protocol suitable for the WSN. And the paper proves this statement by using the PARSEC software. Then, the SMAC protocol is designed to fulfill the consideration of energy efficiency, self-organization, multi-hop and topology mobility. It achieves good scalability and collision avoidance by utilizing a combined scheduling and contention scheme. To demonstrate the effectiveness and measure the performance of SMAC protocol, this paper implements it on the platform of NS. At last, future work is presented.The contributions of this work are therefore:1. Design the overall architecture of protocol for Wireless Sensor Network.2. Perfect the existing SMACS protocol.3. Design the test procedure for the improved SMACS protocol.4. Design the SMAC protocol.5. Design the test procedure for SMAC protocol.更多还原