【作者】 董辉；

【导师】 林海；

【作者基本信息】 山东农业大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 为探讨应激对肉鸡生长发育及代谢的效应,本研究共进行了五个相关的试验,利用外源糖皮质激素导入的方法(饲料或皮下注射方法)模拟应激,较为系统地研究了应激对肉鸡生产性能、组织生长发育、骨骼肌蛋白质代谢和肉品质的影响。第一章中,试验一通过饲喂皮质酮来引起应激反应,采用3日龄雄性AA肉仔鸡180只,随机分为对照组和应激组。从3日龄开始,皮质酮组在饲料中按30mg/kg饲料的剂量添加皮质酮,7日龄早晨8点每组随机取12只鸡,测定其体重、采食量及心脏、肝脏、腹脂、胸肌、腿肌比重,血浆中血糖、尿酸、总氨基酸和甘油三酯含量。结果表明日粮中添加皮质酮成功诱发了应激反应,应激能显著降低肉鸡的生产性能;造成肝脏比重显著增大,腹脂比重显著降低;造成肉鸡血浆中血糖、尿酸、总氨基酸和甘油三酯含量的升高。试验二研究应激经历对肉鸡后期生产性能和和肌肉生长性能的影响。采用3日龄雄性AA肉仔鸡120只,随机分为对照组和应激经历组。应激经历组在3-6日龄日粮中按30mg/kg饲料的剂量添加皮质酮。35日龄早晨8点,每组随机取12只鸡,测定其体重、采食量及心脏、肝脏、腹脂、胸肌、腿肌比重,血浆中血糖、尿酸、总氨基酸和甘油三酯含量,肌肉蛋白质合成能力和糖原含量。结果表明肉鸡在应激后的生长发育中,应激经历仍降低肉鸡的生长速度,对心脏、肝脏、腹脂和胸、腿肌生长发育的影响不显著。第二章中,试验一通过长期饲喂皮质酮来引起长期应激,观察长期应激对肉鸡肌肉组织发育的影响。采用28日龄雄性AA肉鸡90只,分为正常组、长期应激组、配对组。长期应激组从28日龄按30mg/kg饲料的剂量添加皮质酮,配对组采食量和长期应激组相同。35日龄早晨8点,每组随机取12只鸡,测定其体重、采食量及心脏、肝脏、腹脂、胸肌、腿肌比重,血浆中血糖、尿酸、总氨基酸和甘油三酯含量,肌肉的蛋白质合成能力、三甲基组氨酸含量、氨基酸含量、肌糖原和肝糖原含量。结果表明长期应激能显著降低肉鸡的生产性能;造成肉鸡肝脏比重、腹脂比重极显著增大,并且使胸肌和腿肌比重显著下降;血浆中血更多还原

【Abstract】 Five trials were conducted to investigate the effects of glucocorticoids on the growth and metabolism of broiler chickens. We used exogenous glucocorticoids to induce stress and studied the effects of stress on performance, tissues development, protein metabolism and meat quality in broiler chickens.In trial 1 of chapter 1, broiler chickens were fed with corticosterone (30 mg /kg diet) for 4 days to induce stress, in order to investigate the stress effects of neonatal chickens. 180 male broiler chickens of 3d used in this trial were divided into 2 guoups at random, as control group and stress group, each group included 3 replicates with 30 broiler chickens each. Stress group were fed corticosterone (30 mg /kg diet) since 3d of age. At the day of 7, birds were weighed, samples were obtained from 4 birds randomly selected from each replicate (12 birds each group) for determination. The results indicated that the performance of birds suffered from stress were significantly lower. The concentration of plasma glucose (GLU), uric acid (UA) and total free amino acid (TFAA) were significantly higher, The liver weights (%) were significantly higher and the abdominal fat were lower.Trial 2 investigated the effects of stress experience on performance and development of muscle tissus. 120 male broiler chickens of 3d used in this trial were divided into 2 guoups at random, as control group and stress experience group, each group included 3 replicates with 20 broiler chickens更多还原