【作者】 郭旭进；

【导师】 肖连团； 贾锁堂；

【作者基本信息】 山西大学 ， 光学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,随着量子信息学科的发展,单光子探测技术在量子保密通讯、分子荧光寿命测量、单光子源制备、高分辨率的光谱测量、大气污染监测等领域有着广泛的应用。这种工作于盖革模式的单光子探测器在对应没有光子入射时,仍然会产生一定数量的计数,严重影响着光子计数测量,通常这些计数是由暗计数和后脉冲引起的。 本论文的主要研究内容有: (1)光子统计法测量脉冲光产生的后脉冲概率 在实验中我们采用分析单光子探测器输出脉冲的统计分布的方法来测量单光子探测器的后脉冲概率,测量得到的实验结果是光电探测器的后脉冲概率为0.36%,介于时间分辨光谱技术测量后脉冲的概率4%与该探测器标定的结果3%之间。 (2)时间分辨光谱技术测量单光子探测器的后脉冲概率 使用开始-停止的时间分辨技术测量单光子探测器的后脉冲概率,同时对于开始-停止技术及暗计数引起的测量结果畸变给出了修正公式。测量结果显示,后脉冲概率主要受两个俘获能级的影响;其能级寿命分别为503ns和33ns,提出选择合适的采样门宽度可以有效减小后脉冲对于光子计数测量的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, with the development of quantum information science, single photon detection has been widely used in the fields of quantum communication, molecular fluorescence lifetime measurement, single photon resource, high resolved spectrum measurement and atmosphere pollution inspection. However, single photon detector working in Geiger mode produces some counts without photon incidence, which seriously influences photon-counting measurement. These counts usually arise from dark counts and afterpulse.The main content of this thesis are:(1) Afterpulse Probability Measurement of Pulse Laser with Photon StatisticsIn experiments, we measure single photon detector’s afterpulse probability by analyzing single photon detector’s statistics distribution of output electronics pulse. The obtained afterpulse probability is 0.36%, which is between 4%, the probability obtained with time-resolved spectroscopy, and 3%, the typical value in the product datasheet.(2) Afterpulse Probability Measurement with Time-Resolved Spectroscopy The afterpulse probability is measured with start-stop technique. A formula isgiven out for correcting the aberrance induced by start-stop technique and dark counts. It is shown that the afterpulse probability is mainly dependent on two trap levels. The lifetimes of these two levels are 503ns and 33ns, respectively. The influence on photon-counting induced by afterpulse can be effectively reduced by choosing an appropriate width of gate signal.更多还原