【作者】 张凤兰；

【导师】 郝丽珍；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古农业大学 ， 蔬菜学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 沙芥属属于十字花科,主要分布于蒙古高原,该属植物是一种集药用、保健、饲用、固沙等功能于一体的多功能沙生蔬菜。本研究以杨喜林对沙芥属植物的分类为依据,分别对属于3个种1个变种的8份材料进行形态多样性的研究。结果表明:1)从花器官的外部形态上看与杨喜林对沙芥属的分类具有一定的相似性,所不同的是宽翅沙芥1的花器官与其它材料的差异较大。二年生植株叶存在一定的差异,但差异性较小,仅沙芥、沙芥1与其它6材料有差异,而这6份材料的差异不显著。2)花粉形状、萌发器官类型属内比较一致,为长球形,具三沟,网状雕纹;但萌发器官特点及网脊上孔的数量则因材料不同而表现出明显的多样性现象。以花粉形态推断该属植物为进化类型。3)宽翅沙芥和宽翅沙芥1种子表面纹饰一致为浅渫形网状、复网状网纹,网脊上有茸毛,区别于其它6份材料的无规则网状,复网状网纹,网脊光滑无茸毛。4)子叶上下表皮均有凸起的大的条形泡状细胞和气孔,泡状细胞平行排列,气孔下陷。气孔类型有麻黄科气孔类型、不等式气孔及不定式气孔,且气孔长度和宽度较小,气孔密度较大,8份材料间不论是在子叶的表皮特征还是微形态都表现出多样性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The study was based on the classification evidence of Yang X-L.the material were Pugionium Gaertn(Ⅰ)、Pugionium Gaertn No.1(Ⅱ)、P. cornutum(L.)Gaertn(Ⅲ)、P. cornutum(L.)Gaertn No.1 (Ⅳ)、P.calcaratum Kom.、(Ⅴ)、P.calcaratum Kom. No.1 (Ⅵ)、P.dolabratum Maxim(Ⅶ)、P.dolabratum Maxim No.1 (Ⅷ) morphology diversity of Pugionium Gaertn was studied,the results were as the following: 1) In addition to exterior modality of their flowers, the research was the same as the classification of Pugionium Gaertn by Yang X-L, but P.dolabratum Maxim No.1 (Ⅷ) was different from other materials. Pugionium Gaertn(Ⅰ) and Pugionium Gaertn No.1(Ⅱ) was different from others in biennial leaf ,and the difference was not notability with other six materials. 2) The morphology of pollen was prolate ,3-colporate and veticulation sculpture of eight materials, however, there was diversity of the characteristic of germination organ and the quantity of pore on murus as to different materials, so we induced that Pugionium Gaertn belong to evolutional plant. 3)Superficial ornamentation of P.dolabratum Maxim(Ⅶ) and P.dolabratum Maxim No.1 (Ⅷ) were cotyliform reticulate ,negative reticulum ornamentation pappus with murus ,but the other six materials were anomo-shaped ornamentation ,and no pappus on murus. 4) The bulliform cell and stoma distributed on all of epidermis , arranged parallel ,and the stoma sunk, the stoma belong to anisocytic type and irregular type or Ephedraceae type. Length and width of stoma were small ,stoma density was large ,there was diversity in epidermal characteristic of cotyledon and ultra structure.更多还原