【作者】 敖妍；

【导师】 张国盛； 潘青华；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古农业大学 ， 林木遗传育种， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 扶芳藤(Euonymus fortunei (Turcz.) Hand.-Mazz.)属卫矛科卫矛属常绿阔叶藤本植物,广泛用于绿化和水土保持。本文研究了60Coγ射线对扶芳藤种子和枝条辐射效应,筛选了不同性状突变株。对红脉型、宽瓣型扶芳藤和胶东卫矛进行了初步杂交试验。种子辐射剂量为0、60、80、100…200 Gy,每处理300粒种子。枝条辐射剂量为0、20、40…160 Gy,每处理210根插穗。辐射剂量率均为1.31 Gy/min。种子辐射后,出苗率、存苗率、高生长与辐射剂量在0.01水平负相关。匍匐株型最多的剂量为160 Gy。半致死剂量为128.56 Gy。枝条辐射后插穗生根情况和长度均与剂量在0.01水平负相关。辐射明显抑制幼芽萌发。随剂量增大,直立型植株减少,倾斜和匍匐型增加。剂量为80 Gy时,倾斜和匍匐生长的最多,且冬季绿叶植株多于其他剂量。枝条半致死剂量为95.54 Gy。辐射诱发大量突变体,对突变株和对照DNA的PCR扩增出不同结果,突变材料DNA扩出带型与对照都有差异。杂交亲本中,胶东卫矛花期早于红脉、宽瓣扶芳藤,均在温度低于20℃时开花最多。红脉、宽瓣花粉活力接近,二者明显高于胶东卫矛花粉活力。结实率宽瓣型(♀)×红脉型(♂)最高,三种母本的人工授粉结实率高于自然授粉。宽瓣型(♀)×胶东卫矛(♂)种子出苗率最高,红脉型(♀)×胶东卫矛(♂)最低。更多还原

【Abstract】 Euonymus fortunei belongs to Euonymus, Celastraceae, which was widely used in vertical greening and water conservation engineering. This paper has studied irradiation effects of 60Coγray on seeds and branches of Euonymus fortunei. Different character mutants were filtered. At the same time, cross experimentation were done among E. fortunei‘Hongmai’, E. fortunei‘Kuanban’and E. kiautschovicus Loes.The dosages on seeds were 0、60、80…200 Gy, and each dosage had 300 seeds.Branches’dosages were 0、20、40…160 Gy, and each dosage had 210 branches. The dosage rates were 1.31 Gy/min both. After seeds were irradiated, its emergence rate, surviving rate and height of seedlings were negative correlation with irradiation dosage (P<0.01). After irradiated with 160 Gy, espalier growth form was most in all other dosage. Half lethal dosage was 128.56 Gy. After branches were irradiated, the number and length of branch roots were significantly negative correlation with irradiation dosage. 60Coγray had significantly control effect on chit germination. With the increase of dosage the rate of erect plants decreased and creeping plants increased. The numbers of slantwise and creeping plants irradiated with 80 Gy were more than other dosages. The rate of green plants in winter was significantly higher than other dosages. Branches’half lethal dosage was 95.54 Gy.There were many character mutants after irradiated. The PCR results of mutants and check’s DNA were different. There were difference between mutants and check’s DNA strip.In crossing experiment, E. kiautschovicus Loes’s florescence was earlier than Hongmai and Kuanban. When temperature was below 20℃, efflorescence number was most. Hongmai and Kuanban’s pollen vitality were similar, and were both higher than that of E. kiautschovicus Loes.Setting percentage of Kuanban(♀)×Hongmai (♂)combination was highest. Artificial pollination setting percentage was higher than natural pollination of three female parments.The emergence rate of Kuanba (♀)×E. kiautschovicus Loes (♂) combination was highest, and Hongmai (♀)×E. kiautschovicus Loes (♂) combination’s emergence rate was lower than that of other combinations.更多还原