【作者】 杨斌；

【导师】 米福贵；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古农业大学 ， 草业科学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 针对内蒙古地区紫花苜蓿利用现状,在内蒙古金河现代化农业示范园区对优质饲草—紫花苜蓿的规模化种植、收获管理技术进行初步的探索研究,旨在建立和完善适于苜蓿高效生产与产业化开发的成熟配套技术。规模化种植技术研究结果表明:土壤(盐碱地)改良、播前种子处理(如根瘤菌接种)、播种、杂草防除等项种植管理技术对苜蓿出苗率、长势、产量均有直接的影响,其中采用15kg/hm2康地宝对盐碱地进行改良,可以改良土壤的性状,提高苜蓿出苗率;采用2100ml/hm2氟乐灵药剂对土壤进行处理,杂草防除较为理想;接种根瘤菌的苜蓿高度比未接种根瘤菌的苜蓿平均高度增加了24%;苜蓿出苗率与播种深度呈负相关关系,最适宜播深为2cm。通过对苜蓿规模化种植过程各个环节系统的研究,提出了适合于呼和浩特市及周边地区规模化种植紫花苜蓿的技术操作流程,即内蒙古紫花苜蓿机械化种植技术规范(已发布,标准发布号:DB15/T399-2005,备案号:17271-2005)。机械化收获技术研究表明:不同收获期、收获方式、搂翻时间、打捆时间对苜蓿产量及品质均有极为显著的影响。呼和浩特及周边地区采用苜蓿切割压扁机械在初花期至盛花期收获苜蓿较为合适;综合考虑机械搂翻、打捆后,苜蓿的茎叶比、叶片损失率和苜蓿草产品品质的变化,得出当苜蓿含水量为40%进行机械搂翻,含水量为22%进行机械打捆为苜蓿机械化收获最优方案。总结苜蓿收获过程的技术指标,提出并编写了内蒙古自治区地方标准,即内蒙古紫花苜蓿机械化收获技术规范(已发布,标准发布号:DB15/T400-2005,备案号:17272-2005)。更多还原

【Abstract】 The study on alfalfa planting and harvesting in large scale is carried in modern agricultural demonstration areas of JinHe in accordance with situation of alfalfa use, in order to Establish and improve a set of Coordinated Technology of alfalfa production and industrialized Exploitation. The result of alfalfa planting in large scale indicated that alfalfa germination、growth and yield is influenced by soil improvement、seed treatment、planting technology. It can improve the character of soil and alfalfa germination that soil is treated by KangDiBao at 15kg/hm2.The effect of weed controlling is better when soil was treated by Trifluralin as 2100ml/hm2. Alfalfa high of Rhizobia inoculatio is higher than alfalfa high of no Rhizobia inoculatio as 24%. negative relative relationship is found alfalfa germination to seeding depth, the best seeding depth is 2cm.The technology of planting alfalfa in large scale is established in hohhot by systematic study on every link of planting. And Technical specification and regulation of alfalfa mechanization Planting technology is established.The result of alfalfa mechanization harvesting indicated that yield and quality of alfalfa is effected by different harvesting time、cutting way、raking time、bailing time. The results are indicated as follows: when alfalfa is raking at any time with moisture content 40% and alfalfa is cutting at any time with moisture content 22%, the character and leaf preserving rate of alfalfa is high.And Technical specification and regulation of alfalfa mechanization Planting technology is established by study on every liking of harvesting.更多还原