【作者】 张月亮；

【导师】 慕卫；

【作者基本信息】 山东农业大学 ， 农药学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 桃小食心虫是果树上的一种重要害虫,曾对我国果品品质造成危害,而影响了我国的果品出口,导致较大经济损失,所以桃小食心虫的防治一直是我国果品生产中的一个重要方面。鉴于此,本论文从饲养方法、药剂敏感性、生理生化以及防治技术等方面,对桃小食心虫进行了较为深入的研究。现将试验结果总结如下:1.用苹果饲养桃小食心虫,在温度25±1℃、相对湿度60～70%的条件下,研究了日光照11、13、15、17和19 h对该虫一些主要生物学特性的影响,结果发现,在日光照时数15 h下,幼虫体重、成虫羽化率、单雌产卵量和卵孵化率均最高,幼虫滞育率最低,此时桃小食心虫发育状态最好。在上述条件下累代饲养7代未发现明显生物学退化现象。与人工饲料饲养方法比较试验证明,该法饲养所获得的幼虫体重、蛹重、脱出率、单雌产卵量及孵化率等较人工饲料饲养均有所提高,表明该法具有可行性,可望能为桃小食心虫的研究工作提供更为接近田间自然种群的试验虫种。2.用药液浸渍法测定了三唑磷、辛硫磷、高效氯氟氰菊酯、毒死蜱、马拉硫磷和阿维菌素对桃小食心虫越冬前及越冬后幼虫的毒力,其结果越冬后幼虫的敏感性分别是越冬前的34.50、16.71、5.90、3.89、3.28和2.73倍,越冬后幼虫较越冬前幼虫对药剂的敏感性显著提高。同时,本文用毒土法测定了13种药剂对桃小食心虫越冬后出土期幼虫的触杀毒力,其结果以毒死蜱、三唑磷、高效氯氟氰菊酯、甲基对硫磷和辛硫磷毒力较高,LC90值在18.38～49.57 mg·kg-1之间,甲氰菊酯、丙溴磷、阿维菌素、甲胺基阿维菌素、氰戊菊酯、马拉硫磷、丙硫克百威和丁硫克百威LC90值在77.11～205.86mg·kg-1之间。3.对桃小食心虫越冬前后幼虫生理指标进行测定,结果显示,越冬前幼虫体重、粗蛋白质含量、糖原含量和血淋巴含量分别为21.65、4.24、更多还原

【Abstract】 Carposina niponensis Walsingham is an important pest in fruit trees and had ever damaged the quality of fruits heavily,which influenced fruit exports of our nation and led to economic loss. Therefore,the prevention and cure of Carposina niponensis Walsingham had all along been an indispensable job in production of fruits . This paper investigated Carposina niponensis Walsingham from breed method,insecticide susceptivity,physiology,biochemistry and control techniques.The results could be summarized as followings.1. Breeding Carposina niponensis Walsingham in apple,influences of 11,13,15,17,19 hours’illumination to some primary biological characteristics were studied at 25±1℃and R.H.60～70%.The results showed that larval weight,eclosion rate,oviposition capacity and hatch rate were all at the peak,the larval diapause rate was lowest,and the development state of Carposina niponensis Walsingham was optimal in above condition and no biological degenerate ion appeared when breeded to seven generation.With breeding method in apple,larval weight,pupal weight,leaving rate,oviposition capacity and hatch rate were increased compared with method of artificial forage,which indicated that Breeding Carposina niponensis Walsingham in apple was feasible at the same time.This method was be likely to providing experimental insects of approaching natural state for research work of Carposina niponensis Walsingham.2. The toxicities of triazophos,phoxim,lambda-cyhalothrin,malathion,chlorpyrifos and abamectin to Carposina niponensis Walsingham wre tested by impregnating method.The results showed that the susceptivities of overwintered larvae were 34.50,16.71,5.90,3.89,3.28 and 2.73 times as much as that of pre-overwinteing larvae , and the susceptivity of overwintered larvae improved evidently.Furthermore,the toxicities of thirteen insecticides to the overwintered larvae were tested by toxic soil and the results更多还原