【作者】 孙昌一；

【导师】 严家平；

【作者基本信息】 安徽理工大学 ， 地质工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 瓦斯是指井下有害气体的总称，主要由煤变质作用生成的，瓦斯赋存和分布与成煤后期改造作用密切相关。随着生产向深部延伸，任楼矿区瓦斯问题日益突出，影响煤矿的正常开采。本文根据任楼矿区7₂、7₃、8₂等主采煤层的瓦斯资料，结合矿区发育的地质构造特征，研究地质构造对瓦斯的控制作用，掌握瓦斯分布规律和储存状态，预测井田深部的瓦斯含量和涌出量，防治矿井瓦斯灾害，确保煤矿安全生产。 本次研究基于地质构造对岩体（煤体）的控制作用及其影响煤层瓦斯赋存与分布的原理，在收集了大量的煤层瓦斯、勘探钻孔资料和进行室内、原位试验的基础上，采用矿山统计分析和地质构造单元划分的方法研究主采煤层的瓦斯地质特征，应用地质统计学中的相关性分析法研究地质构造对煤层瓦斯含量、成分和涌出量的控制作用，结合钻孔岩芯采取率，进行回归分析得出数学回归方程，重点研究矿区所揭露的小断层对煤层瓦斯涌出和煤体结构的影响。 研究结果表明，后期构造运动使任楼井田处于半开放状态，瓦斯赋存条件差，瓦斯含量相对较低，煤层瓦斯含量随着煤层埋深的加大而逐渐增大，不同的构造形态造成矿区局部瓦斯异常。对于落差大于15m的断层来说，张性断层岩芯采取率小于75％，煤层CH₄含量小于60％，N₂含量大于30％，瓦斯含量低；压扭性断层岩芯采取率在80％以上，瓦斯含量高，瓦斯涌出异常；煤层顶板岩心采取率（X）随着瓦斯含量（Q）呈对数曲线趋势增加，二者具有较好的相关性，相关系数R=0.89。井田内所揭露的小断层落差小于5m，一般为封闭性的断层，有利于瓦斯的保存，断层附近的瓦斯涌出量峰值出现的位置、瓦斯涌出的范围分别是断层落差的35、60倍的距离，其线性相关系数为0.962、0.853；构造煤距离断层越近，粒径小于1mm的煤粒在煤体中所占的比例越大。更多还原

【Abstract】 The gas that refers to all the harmful gases in coal mine is mainly generated because of coal metamorphism, and the conditions of gas storage and distribution are closely related with the function of tectonic movement after coal formation. With coal mining deeply, the gas issue of Renlou mine is gradually outstanding, such as gas gushing abnormally, which has impacted on the normal exploitation of mine. The purpose of this research is that, according to gas data of coal seam 7₂, 7₃ and 8₂ as well as the geological structural feature in the Renlou mining area, to study the control of geological structure on gas, to know gas distribution law and storage state, to predict gas content and gushing quantity of deep-seated well field, to prevent the mine gas calamity and guarantee the safety in production of mine.On the basis of the principle for the function of control on coal and rock mass of geological structures so as to influence gas storage and distribution, a large number of coal seam gas and exploratory boring data were collected, many indoor tests and in situ testing were carried on at the same time. And the method of mine statistical analysis and geological structure unit divide was adopted to research the gas geological characteristics of mainly mining coal seams. By the application of the correlation analysis approach in geological statistics to the control of geological structure on gas content, composition and emission, combined with collecting rate of drill core, several mathematic equations were obtained after regression analysis. The influence of minor faults on gas gushing and coal body structures is the key of this paper.The conclusion drawn from present research shows Renlou coal field is in a state of half open because of subsequent tectonic movement, and the conditions of gas storage is poor so that gas contents of coal seams here are much lower than others, otherwise different structural conformations made gas emission unusual in fractional area of the coal mine, gas contents increased with burial depths of coal seams by degrees. To the fault whose throw is greater than 15 meters, there are two types of faults in the ore district. One is extension fault whose collecting rate of drill core is smaller than 75 percent, methane （CH4） content of coal seam is less than 60 percent, and nitrogen （N₂） content is greater than 30 percent, that the gas content is low. The other is compress o-shear fault whose adopting rate of is above 80 percent, and the gas更多还原