【作者】 常丹丹；

【导师】 孙群郎；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 世界史， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 “绅士化”一词的基本含义是指:中产阶级迁至中心城市衰败街区居住,导致街区居民的社会经济地位不断提升、街区物质景观和商业环境也得到了逐步改善,与此同时,房产价格和各项生活费用的相应上涨造成了原住居民的被迫迁居。20世纪60年代,绅士化现象开始引起媒体与学术界的关注,迄今为止,它已影响到了美国绝大多数大中等城市,并且成为当代美国中心城市景观诸多变化中一个日益重要的组成部分。本文综合借鉴历史学、地理学、社会学的理论和研究方法,通过对美国中心城市绅士化现象的发展背景、发展进程及影响的分析与探讨,旨在形成对绅士化运动本身及其在美国中心城市发展状况的较为清晰与深刻的总体性认识。论文的正文由三部分组成:第一部分首先对绅士化的概念进行了界定,然后着重从中心城市的普遍衰败、后工业社会中心城市产业结构的调整、各界复兴中心城市的活动、消费文化四方面探讨绅士化现象发生、发展的重大社会历史背景;第二部分考察了绅士化在美国中心城市的发展进程,内容包括其总体发展状况、相关理论和实例分析;第三部分主要围绕绅士化所带来的街区复兴和它的社会功效两方面内容,对绅士化的影响进行论述。结论部分总结了前文所论述的一些重要论点。最后指出,绅士化所带来的街区复兴无疑是积极的,同时绅士化区域具有实现社会融合的潜力,但至今为止,美国社会未能很好地利用绅士化的潜在积极社会功效。在绅士化区域内,不但不同阶级、种族在实质上仍然是相互隔离的,它还导致了原住居民的被迫迁居。更多还原

【Abstract】 The term‘gentrification’refers to the phenomenon whereby the middle class move into formerly deterioted central city neighborhoods, thereby causing the upgrading of physical and commercial environment, while at the same time displacing former lower-income residents, due to rising housing and other living costs. The gentrification phenomenon was first noticed by the media and the academic circle in the 1960s, up till now it has affected most large and moderately sized U.S. cities, and has played an ever important role in the reshaping of contemporary central city landscape. Combining multi-disciplinary theory and research methods, such as those used by history, geography, sociology etc, this thesis tries to present a clear picture of the gentrification phenomenon itself and its development in U.S. cities by expounding its contexts, general process and impacts.Part One first clarifies the definition of gentrification used by this thesis. Then it goes on to analyze the background of gentrification, mainly involving around four important aspects, as are the general decline of central cities and economic restructuring of central cities, the endeavor to revitalize them and the so-called post-modern consumption characteristics.Part Two gives a general exposition of gentrification process in American central cities. First it delineates the developmental history of gentrification nationally, then it tries to convey some regularities of the gentrification process by combining theory with some carefully chosen cases in point.Part Three assesses gentrification’s effects mainly around two basic aspects, which are its actual impact on neighborhood revitalization and its social value.In the Conclusion Part, it restated some previous viewpoints, and in the end, it points out that gentrification has the positive effect of neighborhood revitalization and has the potential to realize social assimilation in affected areas. But in reality, most often than not, so far, it has failed to further social assimilation. And besides that, gentrification has the adverse effect of the displacement of original lower-income and poor residents.更多还原