【作者】 刘彬；

【导师】 高乐才；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 中国近现代， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 奉系军阀在第一次直奉战争中遭到惨重的失败后,开始“整军经武”,决定创建海军,壮大奉系军阀的实力。1922年8月,在北京政府、吉黑江防舰队、奉系军阀三方因素的作用下,张作霖收编了原属北京政府的吉黑江防舰队,创建了东北江防舰队,迈出了建立东北海军的第一步。而后奉系军阀不断地对海军加大投入和建设,不仅购买军舰扩充实力,而且创办自己的海军学校,建立了东北海防舰队。1926年春,东北江海防总指挥部被改组为东北海军司令部,这标志着东北军海军正式成军。随着第二次直奉战争奉军的胜利,渤海舰队被东北军海军收编,由此东北军海军进入了全盛时期。东北军海军在壮大之后,它在奉系军阀角逐地盘中发挥了重要作用,如1927年到1928年间东北军海军多次南下袭击长江舰队,并为奉系军阀取得了制海权。但令人遗憾的是,奉系军阀因只顾及内部战争,没有对海军建设进行长期规划,使得东北军海军的发展停滞不前。1928年东北易帜后,东北军海军虽然仍保持番号,但在先后经历“中东路事件”、“九?一八事变”后,其元气大伤。1933年7月正式被国民党改组为第三舰队,至此真正意义上的东北军海军已然消亡。东北军海军是一支包括江防、海防、水上航空、陆战队、军事教育以及各种后勤支援在内的机制比较完善的现代化海军。它从无到有,并一度发展成为中国最为强大的海军。它的存在不仅为张作霖、张学良统治东北以及华北提供了重要的军事支持,而且在对外战争中也发挥了一定的积极作用。但充当军阀军事工具的东北军海军,是不可能摆脱时代局限性的,所以它的消亡是必然的,但东北军海军仍是中国海军史上不可磨灭的一页。更多还原

【Abstract】 After seriously defeated in the first ZhiFeng war, the Manchurian warlord started to put theirmilitary force straight to prepare for wars. They decided to establish their own navy in order to enhancetheir strength. In August, 1922, pushed together by Beijing government, JihHei fleet and Manchurianwarlord, Zhang Zuo-lin founded Northeastern fleet by incorporating the JiHei fleet that had been asubordinate of Beijing government, which set the first step of establishing the Northeastern navy. Afterthat, Manchurian warlord continuously strengthened their navy by increasing investment forconstructions. Not only had they purchased a certain amount of warships, but also founded their ownnavy school and established Northeastern navy fleet. In the spring of 1926, the Northeast navalcommand centre was reorganized as the Northeast naval headquarter, which officiallysignified the birth of the navy of Northeastern troops. As the Feng troops won the secondZhiFeng war, BoHai fleet was incorporated by the navy of Northeastern troops. From that moment on,the navy of Northeast troops had stepped into an era when they had never been more powerful. Therole the navy of Northeastern troops was playing when they were scrambling for theterritory for Manchurian warlord had become fairly important ever since their strength hadbeen largely boomed. For instance, between 1927 and 1928, the navy of Northeasterntroops had marched down to the south to attack the Long River fleet for several times andachieved the thalassocracy for Manchurian warlord. Anyway, it was still a shame that byfocusing on the internal conflicts too much, the Manchurian warlord failed to make along-term plan for the development of their navy, which directly lead to the stagnancy ofthe navy of Northeastern troops. After the Northeastern troops turned themselves in to the centralgovernment in 1927, despite still keeping their name as a strong military force, the navy of Northeasternhad in fact become a weak link, especially after the “ZhongDongLu” incident and “9.18” event.In July, 1933, having officially reorganizes by GuoMing party the third fleet the navy ofNortheastern army had withered away. The navy of Northeastern troops was a modern navywith a perfect mechanism, which includes river defense, sea defense, sea aviation, MarineCorps, military education and different kinds of logistic supports. Growing out of nothing, ithad once redeemed themselves as the most formidable Chinese navy. Its existence not only providedimportant military support for Zhang Zuo-lin and Zhang Xue-liang to rule northeast, but also madecertain positive effects on the diplomatic wars. However, as a military tool, the navy of Northeasterntroops could never get rid of the limitation of their age. Hence, it is their destiny to fall. Anyway, thenavy of Northeastern troops was still a shining page that could never be erased from history of Chinesenavy.更多还原