【作者】 陈学福；

【导师】 史高峰；

【作者基本信息】 兰州理工大学 ， 环境工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 红三叶草为豆科三叶草属植物,广泛分布于世界各地。它最初被北美洲当地的土著人用来治疗百日咳、痛风和毒瘤;后来人们也用它来治疗哮喘、支气管炎、咳嗽、香港脚、湿疹、牛皮癣等病症。目前研究发现,三叶草属植物中含有多种异黄酮类物质,这些成分可以很好的预防“富贵病”例如:动脉硬化,骨质疏松,心血管疾病,多种癌症,妇女更年期综合症等,是一种极有开发前景的天然药物,国外已把红三叶草植物的提取物作为功能性保健食品增补剂在国际市场上销售。而我国的红三叶草种植面积虽然很大,但多只用作牧草,开发利用率相当低,因此研究我国当地的红三叶草化学成分具有十分重要的现实意义。 本文选取甘肃岷县植物岷山红三叶草作为研究对象。首先,对它的化学成分进行了系统研究,利用常规萃取分配,硅胶柱层析和薄层制备等层析分离手段,从岷山红三叶草的乙醇提取物中分离得到10种化合物,运用红外光谱、紫外光谱、质谱和核磁共振等波谱学检测方法,结合一定的化学方法、物理常数的测定以及与标准品对照,共鉴定了其中8个化合物的结构,分别是正二十四烷(Ⅰ),十四烷酸(Ⅱ),β-谷甾醇(Ⅲ),胡萝卜苷(Ⅳ),芒柄花素(Ⅴ),鹰嘴豆芽素A(Ⅵ),芒柄花苷(Ⅶ),L-甲肌醇(Ⅷ)。其中化合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅷ为首次从该植物中分离得到。 其次,对岷山红三叶草中所含异黄酮的提取工艺进行了研究。通过对多种提取溶剂比例优化和富集方法的对比研究,最终确定采用二步法提取岷山红三叶草异黄酮,其最佳工艺条件为:第一步,采用乙醇加热回流的提取方法,得到最佳提取条件:乙醇体积分数为80%;乙醇用量(固液比)1∶15;提取温度85℃;提取时间2h。第二步,采用混合溶剂萃取的富集方法,得到最佳萃取富集条件:氯仿∶乙酸乙酯=2∶1。经过该工艺方法提取后,浸膏中异黄酮含量的均大于5O%。从而筛选优化出一种简单有效的纯化富集岷山红三叶草异黄酮的提取工艺方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 MinshanTrifolium pratense L., a legume and an important forage plant grown around the world. They are originally used as a medicinal herb by native indigenous people of North America for whooping cough, gout and cancer, and others traditionally have used it in the treatment of asthma, bronchitis, coughs, athlete’s foot and for eczema, psoriasis. Trifolium pratense L. contains several kinds of isoflavones in resent research. These isoflavones have a high potential in the prevention of "Western diseases" like atherosclerosis, osteoporosis, cardiovascular diseases, several kinds of cancer and postmenopausal complaints. Is a sort of natural medicinal material which have the prospect of a good exploiture. Extracts of Trifolium pratense L. are commercially available as functional healthy dietay supplements in the international market. Our nation’s planting area of Trifolium pratense L. is large, but the most of it is often used for fodder and low-usage. So it is very significant to study on our nation’s native Trifolium pratense L. resource.Minshan trifolium pratense L. which is the native resource of Min county of GanSu province, is selected for the object of study in this paper. The chemical constituents of it were investigated and ten pure compounds were isolated by chromatography methods. Of these compounds, the structure of eight were elucidated on the basis of spectral evidence such as IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, ESI-MS. and chemical methods. They are tetracosane （ Ⅰ ）、 myristic acid （ Ⅱ ）、β-sitosterol （Ⅲ）、 daucosterol （Ⅳ）、 formononetin （ Ⅴ ）、 biochanin A （Ⅵ）, ononis （Ⅶ）、 L-quebrachitol （Ⅷ） .Those compounds Ⅰ、 Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ and Ⅵ were isolated from this plant for the first time.Extraction process of isoflavones of Minshan trifolium pratense L. is studied in this paper. Optimum extraction process condition is obtained by a series of scientific experiments. 1. Ethanol heat under reflux is used as extraction method. Optimum extraction condition is as follows: ethanol volume fraction 80%;ethanol dosage（solid-to-liquid ratio） 1 : 15;extraction temperature 85℃;extraction time 2h. 2. Mixed-solvent extraction is used as the accumulation method. The optimum accumulation conditions is chloroform and ethyl acetate （ratio 2 : 1）. The average value of isoflavones contents in extract is more than 50% by this operation process. This extraction process of isoflavones of Minshan trifolium pratense L. is simple and effective.更多还原