生命语文的教学思考与探索

【作者】 王芳；

【导师】 曹明海；

【作者基本信息】 山东师范大学 ， 学科教学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 2001年新颁布的《全日制义务教育语文课程标准(试验稿)》明确指出:“语文是最重要的交际工具,是人类文化的重要组成部分。工具性与人文性的统一,是语文课程的基本特点”。新课程要求语文教学在重视培养学生的语文能力的同时,“还应重视提高学生的品德修养和审美情趣,使他们逐步形成良好的个性和健全的人格,促进德、智、体、美的和谐发展”。培养身心和谐发展的完整的人,这是时代对语文教育提出的迫切要求。针对长期以来语文教学忽视人的生命存在的现象,本文提出了“生命语文”教学的新概念。它主张从语文学科的本质特征和人的生命整体生成的角度重新认识语文教学,重新建立语文学科的教学目标和方法体系。生命语文主张在提高人的认知能力的同时,更要注重人的生命的完整,即人格心灵的完整、精神的充实、个性的发展以及情感兴趣的满足,后者正是语文教育的本质所在。生命语文的理论创新主要体现在:一是从统整学生的知、情、意和谐发展,促进学生生命整体的生成的角度认识语文教学;二是从生命主体建设的角度建构语文教学理论的新体系。从生命生成的角度出发,我们认为语文教学的本质特征体现在:生命的体验性、生命的互动性、课堂的动态生成性和回归生活的特征。生命语文教学在学生生命整体的生成过程中具有以下三个方面的价值取向:(一)唤醒生命的意识。(二)丰富生命的内涵。(三)提升生命的质量。总之,生命语文就是把人当作人,使人成为人的主体语文。它将高举生命关怀的大旗,在充满生命体验和生命关怀、富有生命活力的氛围中,促进生命和谐成长,促进生命的求真向善向美的整体建构。在“生命语文”的视野中,“生命”不仅是教学的内容,也是一种教育形式,更是贯穿教学始终的精神气质。本文从两个方向上对生命语文教学的实践做了探索:一是关于教什么的问题。我们主张转变传统的“工具+思想”的文本观,从生命的角度对文本进行价值重组。从语文教材的本质看,无论是汉语言文字还是由汉语言写成的文章,都充满了生命的气息,都需要阅读主体的生命参与来实现文本的意义生成。20世纪西方接受美学、当代解释学理论研究硕果累累,为我们建立充满“生命”活力的文本观提供了充分的理论基础。二是关于怎样教的问题。我们主张把课堂作更多还原

【Abstract】 " Chinese course standard of full-time compulsory education (tested thedraft ) " issued newly in 2001 pointed out clearly, "Chinese is the mostimportant communication tool, and an important component of the humanculture. Unity of tool and humanity, is the basic characteristic of Chinesecourse." New course requires Chinese teaching not only to pay attention totraining students’ Chinese ability ,but also pay attention to improvingstudents’ morality culture and develop students’ aesthetic taste , make themform the good individual character and sound personality progressively ,bring about an advance in harmony morally,intelligently physically andaestheticly. Training the intact person of harmonious development of thebody and mind, this is an urgent demand put forward for Chinese educationin era.In opposition to the phenomenon that the existing of life has beenignored for a long time, this text has put forward the new concept of " lifeChinese " teaching. It maintains that Chinese teaching should bere-recognized from essential characteristic and angle that life turn into whollyof people , Chinese of discipline, set up the teaching goal of Chinesediscipline and method system again. Life Chinese advocates paying attentionto the fullness of people’s life even more while improving people’s cognitiveability , namely fullness , substantial , development and satisfication ,emotion of interest of individual character of spirit , personality of soul, thelatter is exactly what essence that Chinese educates is all about. The theory oflife Chinese should mainly embody in newly when being created : First,know from whole student of the interconnected system, the feeling , purposeare developed harmoniously, promote the angle of student’s life wholeformulation to realize Chinese teaching;Second , build the new system ofconstructing the teaching theory of Chinese in terms of subject constructionof the life.Proceeding from angle that the life produces, we think the essentialcharacteristic of Chinese teaching embody in: Experience, interdynamic ofthe life, the producing and characteristic of returning to life dynamically ofthe classroom of the life. The Chinese teaching of the life has a valueorientation of three following respects in the course of student’s life wholeformulation: (1) wake the consciousness of the life up . (2) intension of theabundant life. (3) promote the quality of the life. We believe that only thelife value that the constant pursuit educate, Chinese teaching could finish themission entrusted to in era.In a word, life Chinese is to regard people as sentient people and makepeople become real people. It will hold the big flag that the life shows lovingcare for high , in full of atmospheres that life experiencing and lives showloving care for, rich in life vigoring, promote life to be harmonious to growup , promote to look for the truth to kind to to build constructing while beingwhole beauty life.In the vision of " life Chinese ", " life " is not only a content of teaching,but also a kind of education form , run through the spiritual makings all thetime of teaching especially. This text has explored practice of Chineseteaching of the life from two directions: First, what question about teaching.We maintain that change the text views of traditional " tool + thought ", carryon value to recombinate to the text in terms of life. By the look of essence ofthe teaching material of Chinese, both Chinese characters and article writtenas by Chinese, full of more breath of life , it is necessary for readers tolivelity participate to realize significance of the text. The west acceptedaesthetics, contemporary and explain that has learnt to achieve great successin theoretical research in the 20th century, have set up the text view full of "life " vigor for us and offered the abundant theoretical foundation. Second,about how question that teach. We advocate regarding classroom as anecosystem, structuring Chinese classroom where the life grew up. This text isfrom establishing the teacher-student relationship with equal democracy anddesigning two respects to the teaching program aesthetically and carrying ondetailed demonstration .Realize Chinese teaching from the standing of people’s construction,build the theory of constructing Chinese teaching and new system of practice,this is the essential home of Chinese teaching. The exploration of " lifeChinese " has just started, has still needed perfecting constantly in practice.更多还原