【作者】 常明艳；

【导师】 王琳；

【作者基本信息】 山东师范大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 汉魏六朝时期,世家大族成为支配当时中国社会政治、经济、文化的主要力量。从一国政权的建立到社会思潮、文学风气的形成,几乎都与世家大族的影响分不开。汝南应氏家族“轩冕相袭,为郡盛族”,尽管在政治、经济、军事实力等方面无法与王、谢豪族相提并举,但这一家族自东汉初至两晋绵延近四百年,世以文称显,代有传人,著作不绝,是当时“以文致仕”的家族典范。应氏一门思想敦厚纯正,世济文雅,诗礼传家,家国天下,是正统儒家文化精神的切实承载者与实践者。他们历代笃信好学,博闻广识;即使在玄风大炽的魏晋之时也始终尊崇儒家道义,关心时弊,克忠尽守,备受各朝统治阶级的青睐。其家族成员中名留青史的主要有应顺、应奉、应劭、应玚、应璩、应贞、应琳、应詹、应亨等。本文内容主要分六部分。第一部分,介绍应氏家族的繁衍、兴盛之地——汝南郡,从地域文化、历史环境等方面入手,阐释影响应氏家族门风家学形成的各方面因素。第二部分,概述文采风流的世儒之家——汝南应氏,论述其家国天下、经国远图;家以文名、以文致仕的家族特点。第三部分,专论以弘道正俗为己任的汉末应劭。这位心系天下的著名学者,以其丰硕的著述、经世致用的为学理念、审慎科学的治学态度留给后世无比珍贵的精神财富。其《风俗通义》以传统儒家伦理道德规范的价值标准评风论俗、辨物名号,《汉官仪》整理重建汉代朝制官典,这些都为统治者进行合理有序的封建统治秩序建设和思想建设提供了行之有效的借鉴。第四部分,论述“建安七子”之一的应玚,通过对其“和而不壮”、“学优以得文”等诗文特色的分析,从而对这位因英年早逝而“美志不遂”的才华之士鲜明的艺术个性及卓越的著述才能进行客观的评判。第五部分,专论魏末名士应璩,通过其“独立不惧,辞谲义贞”的《百一诗》及“秀绝时表”的尺牍作品,来分析他“言颇谐合”、质直古朴的诗歌创作及“留意词翰”、华靡典丽的文章风格;并进一步阐释他“心在周孔,行似老庄”、儒道兼具的思想性格。第六部分,专论东晋著名儒将应詹,他不仅是通经守礼、尊儒重教的训雅之吏,同时也是东晋政坛举足轻重、不可多得的将帅之才。在他身上,汝南应氏诗礼传家、家国天下的家族传统都得到了充分而集中的体现。虽然汝南应氏家族只是汉晋时期门第稍低的素族,不以官高位显、簪缨满朝名世,更多还原

【Abstract】 During the time from the beginning of Han Dynasties to the fall of Jin Dynasties,aristocratic families began becoming the main force influencing China’s politics, economy, andculture. From the establishment of a government to the form of social ideology & literal moodwere all inseparable from the impact. The Runan Ying family was not conspicuous in thepolitical, economic, or military strength in that time. But its descendants, from generation togeneration, were all famous by their great literal achievement. Thus made the family typifiedmany others who pursuing literary fame during nearly 400 years since the beginning of EasternHan Dynasty to Jin Dynasties. The successive members of Ying family were all keen on study,and worshipped Confucianism. They cared about social ills. They were all loyal to thesovereign and devoted to the country. So the Ying family were greatly favored by the governingclasses of dynasties. Besides these, their ideology was honest & sincere, elegant &highly-cultured. They always considered conducting state affairs to be their ownresponsibilities, and they were the earnest inheritors and practitioners of the orthodoxConfucian culture spirit. The family’s most important members included: Ying Shun, Ying Feng,Ying Shao, Ying Yang, Ying Qu, Ying Zhen, Ying Lin, Ying Zhan, Ying Xiang, etc.The dissertation consists of six parts. The first part introduces the Runan prefecture wherethe Ying family rose to prominence. The various factors which affected the family’s ethicsmoral standards was expounded in this part. Part Ⅱ analyses the Confucianism clan’scharacteristics, such as considering conducting state affairs to be their own responsibilities,pursuing official career through literal achievement, etc. The third part specializes in Ying Shao,who was a famous scholar lived in the late Han Dynasty. He always considered propeling thespread of Confucianism as his own responsibility, and he had left precious spiritual wealth to usin three aspects: plenty great writings, the learning for the sake of practice principle, and theprudent scientific study attitude.Feng Su Tong Yi, written by Ying Shao, commented socialaffairs with traditional Confucian ethical code of values. Han Guan Yi, another Ying Shao’sexcellent work, provided the feudal governing classes effective reference in constructing theirrules and ideology by revising Han official code system. Part Ⅳ mainly discusses somethingabout Ying Yang, who was one of the Jian’an’qi’zi. Based on the analysis of his poem features,the part focuses on the early died literal talent’s distinctive personality and his excellentwriting ability. Part Ⅴ specializes in Ying Qu, who lived in late Wei Dynasty. Through theanalysis of his representative work the Song of a Hundred and One and his other valuable shortwritings, the author shows us the scholar’s unique personality characteristic: acting as a Taoist,while study on Confucianism. Part Ⅵ specializes in the famous Eastern Jin DynastyConfucian Ying Zhan, who knew Confucian classics very well. Ying Zhan was also animportant and rare general who attached great important to education. In him the clan’s whichgood tradition, such as worshipping Confucianism, considering conducting state affairs to betheir own responsibilities was fully reflected.Because of the respects to the Confucianist culture spirit and fulfills, as well as uncommonattainments in the academic poem and prose domain, scholars of Yings’ Family in Runan stillenjoyed striking fame then and had deep-going and far-reaching influence among manyaristocratic families in the Six Dynasties, although this family only had comparatively lowfamily status in Han and Jin Dynasties, and didn’t have many officials in government, highgovernment position, or influential status.更多还原