【作者】 李楠；

【导师】 陈元锋；

【作者基本信息】 山东师范大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 唐宪宗元和年间存在严重的社会痼疾,概而言之,大弊有三:强藩割据、宦官专权和土地兼并。其中,强藩割据是宪宗朝最为严重的问题。宪宗自元和元年起,对擅自署置,不贡赋朝廷,实则属于半独立状态的藩镇,进行了旷日持久的“平藩”战争。西川、夏绥、镇海在元和初年便被平定,而已经割据几代,实力雄厚,蛮横跋扈的淮西、淄青在元和十二年和十四年最终被收归朝廷。“元和中兴”的新气象也随之显现。“时代造就英雄,历史孕育文学”,“平藩诗”就是在这样的时代背景下孕育而成的。因此,本文的研究主旨就是以宪宗平藩为切入点,依托元和年间的政治、经济、文化等大背景,考察元和年间文人志士所作的关于“平定强藩,歌颂国家统一”的诗歌。这些平藩诗出自多位诗人之手,故研究这些诗人的平藩思想是非常必要的。韩愈、白居易、刘禹锡、柳宗元等这些在中唐中流砥柱的文学家,他们一生并不甘心当一个文士,而是希望能在政治上有所建树。他们的文学创作和当朝的政治有着密不可分的关系。平藩诗中交织着这些诗人对割据藩镇的痛斥和对国家统一的歌颂,表现了强烈的爱国主义思想。本文主要运用“以诗证史”、“以史笺诗”的方法,以淮西、淄青两大战役为主线,研究平藩诗的思想内容。淮西一役,朝廷耗时四年之久,其间几胜几负,直至宰相裴度亲自挂帅,组成临时幕府征战淮西,大将李愬雪夜奇袭蔡州，方才告捷允贾林眨?都有平藩诗记录这一战事,这是平藩诗创作的第一个高潮期。韩愈、刘禹锡、柳宗元、王建等诗人,都用热情的笔触讴歌战争中勇于献身的将士,歌颂这一战役的胜利。由于淮西之役留下的平藩诗最多,我们也从中发现了几个问题:第一,白居易一直坚持儒家大一统思想,主张在中唐这样分裂割据当道的社会中努力恢复儒家秩序,推行教化,却为何没有一定数量的平藩诗传世?第二,韩愈是唯一随军前线的平藩诗人,他创作了数量最多的平藩诗,但为何没有诗作正面反映战争的阔大场面?而远在贬地的刘、柳基本上都是正面反映战争实况。第三,韩、刘二人在诗歌中论及平淮之功的侧重角度是不同的,原因何在?征讨成德和魏博归朝这一平淮插曲,也是平藩诗创作的又一主题。接下来的收复淄青李师道,是平藩诗创作的又一个高潮。李师道在朝廷的内外夹击之下,被大将刘悟杀死。王建作数首诗歌颂田弘正,刘禹锡也写了两首《平齐行》赞扬朝廷削藩的巨大成就,此外,鲍溶、姚合等也都积极地参与到创作中来。更多还原

【Abstract】 During the (Xianzong )Yuanhe period of Tang Dynasty there existed three serious social illnesses- vassal states (also Fan in the Chinese Tang Dynasty) by strong regimes, authority by eunuchs and land annexation, among which the problem of separated Fan is the most severe one for Emperor Xianzong. He has fought for a long time against the truly half-independent states, which ordered themselves and paid no taxes for the emperors since the period of Yuanhe. In the first years of Yuanhe the states of Xichuan, Xiasui and Zhenhai were pacified, while such powerful and domineering states as Huaixi and Ziqing were finally submissive to the emperor respectively in the 12th and 14th year of Yuanhe. Hence there appeared the new prosperity of Yuanhe. We always see "The epoch brings up heroes, history nurtures literature.”Poems about“Fighting against rebellious states”(平藩诗)were formed in such times. Therefore, based on the fight of Emperor Xianzong this topic conveys the poems about“fighting against the rebellious states, singing the nation’s unity”written by the literary intellectuals against the political, economic and cultural background in the Yuanhe period of Tang Dinasty.These nearly 100 poems were written by many poets and so it is quite necessary to study their ideas in fighting against“Fan”. Such litterateurs of mainstay as Han Yu, Bai Juyi, Liu Yuxi and Liu Zongyuan were dissatisfied with only being literary intellectuals, while they wished for the political achievements. Their creation was closely related to the politics of Tang Dynasty. Based on their biographies and political ideas, the current thesis seeks from their works the strong support for their thoughts of "One United China" by the Confucianists, their severe scathe for separated states and the eulogy of a united nation. Their shining and intense patriotism aroused countless literary intellectuals who hoped for the peace and unity of the nation.This thesis concentrates on the content of poems by the method of showing history by poems, and composing poems in history with the two battles of Huaixi and Ziqing. The Huaixi battle which has lasted for 4 years with failure and success at intervals did not reach更多还原