【作者】 司银霞；

【导师】 贾洪飞；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 交通运输规划与管理， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 “超速”是导致城市道路交通事故的主要原因之一。限速标志作为控制机动车行驶速度的重要手段在交通管制中作用突出。驾驶员是交通系统中的主体,存在生理、心理上的复杂性,其信息处理过程和对标志的认知能力,对限速标志能否有效发挥其制约性起着重要的作用。本文依托国家自然基金项目“驾驶行为协同仿真建模理论与方法研究”,研究城市道路中,驾驶员处理交通信息的过程、驾驶行为特性以及限速标志对驾驶行为产生的影响。本文基于认知心理学和认知失调理论,详细分析了经过限速标志时驾驶员特性和驾驶行为,在问卷调查和仿真的基础上,利用因子分析法确定出对驾驶员影响较大的因子,并对驾驶员在限速标志处的速度选择模型进行标定和验证。依据强迫服从理论,建立限速标志影响的微观评价指标并进行量化分析,同时对比分析了限速标志处交通流特性和群体驾驶员行为,并对造成驾驶员违反限速标志的因素进行分析提取,得出一系列结论与建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of economy and society, the transportationinfrastructure bottleneck restriction function has been more and more obvious. Thiskind of restriction mainly manifests in is impeded as a result of the transportationbut creates the traffic safety hidden danger. The system of the urban roads took theskeleton on a city, is a more complex transportation large-scale system, thus themunicipal transportation security and the smooth question are more prominent. Atthe same time, the human factor is the road traffic accident principal factor, illegaldriving causes the mortality rate to reach as high as 70%-80%. Many reports calledthat "Overspeed" has been list as "the dangerous factor which the influence trafficaccident occur". The regulating symbolized took the urban road traffic control thefoundation safety equipment, is the most universal way of control vehicle speed, isplaying the vital role in the traffic control. At present, the design of the Speed limitssign, establishes much is based on the path linear, condition and so on apparentdistance, but very few people research that from driving psychology behavior.This article in view of this kind of situation, depends on the country naturalfund project "the driving behavior coordination simulation modeling theory and themethod research", in carries on the questionnaire survey and the simulationfoundation to the driver, first analyses the driver behavior and the setting gist of thespeed limit signs, and build up information process framework model aboutcognize psychology.This paper determined using the factor analytic method to certain the mainfactors which affect the drivers to distinguish the speed limit signs, in thisfoundation determined the driver behavior pattern about distinguish the speed limitsigns. Then we demarcated the speed model and examed it. And finally, this paperdraws a series of conclusions and suggestion. Now, we sum up the main content ofthe whole paper:Chapter one is exordium. It mainly introduces the researching background,research situation, target, meaning, content and the technique route of thisdissertation.In chapter two, this dissertation analyses the driver′s cognize behavior in theprocess of traffic information and build up a framework model of the informationprocess. Then this dissertation analyses the speed limits signs′ setup based theframework model and analyses the influence factors of the setting.In chapter three, based on the analyses of driver behavior ,it analyses andsums up the key driving behavior shaping factors using Factor analysis method bySPSS. Combining with the analysis to the drivers′ behavior of using speed limitsigns, this dissertation use for reference the achieved study accomplishment aboutthe speed behavior at the speed limit signs and certain the parameters of the model.In chapter four, it chooses a parameter which called drivers′ obedience in forceas a measure of effort of the speed limit sign. And we fix on the parameters in themodel used the data of the questionnaire. Then it analyses the influence of thespeed limit signs based on the simulation software and questionnaire. At last, aseries of measures and opinions have been put forward.Chapter five is the summary. The main research content are summarized andthe problems which need to be researched more deeply are presented.Main achievement of this dissertation:1. It analyses the drivers′ information process referring to the modernviewpoint of Cognize and Psychology It builds a framework model basedon the analysis of the drivers′ information process.2. Based on the analyses of driver behavior, it analyses and sums up the keydriving behavior shaping factors using Factor analysis method by SPSS.3. Combining with the analysis to the drivers′ behavior of using speed limitsigns, this dissertation use for reference the achieved studyaccomplishment about the speed behavior at the speed limit signs andcertain the parameters of the model.4. It chooses a parameter which called drivers′ obedience in force as ameasure of effort of the speed limit sign. And we fix on the parameters inthe model used the data of the questionnaire. Then it analyses the influenceof the speed limit signs based on the simulation software and questionnaire.At last, a series of measures and opinions have been put forward.更多还原