【作者】 张玲玲；

【导师】 肖世德；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 铁路车辆必须设有缓和衰减机械振动的弹簧悬挂装置,以减少列车运行产生有害车辆的振动。弹簧悬挂装置对车辆运行是否平稳舒适,能否顺利通过曲线并保证车辆安全运行起着重要作用,尤其在当前铁路运输重载提速的情况下,弹簧悬挂装置的作用更为重要。铁路车辆用弹簧的种类很多,目前国内最常用钢弹簧、空气弹簧和橡胶弹簧。橡胶弹簧具有单位容积量较大,比重小的优点,并且能消除高频振动,改善振动性能。由于其刚度可变,用在轴箱弹簧悬挂装置上,就可得到纵、横向不同的定位刚度。橡胶弹簧不但具有非线性的工作特性,可以改进运行性能,不需另设摩擦式减振器,而且橡胶弹簧制造成本低,维修保养费用少,节省了大量金属弹簧,经济效果显著,因此橡胶弹簧在铁路机车车辆上的运用潜力巨大。 但是目前对于铁路车辆专用橡胶弹簧的设计,在国内还不够成熟,采用手工设计与验算显得十分繁琐,计算量大,因此开发铁路车辆专用“锥形橡胶弹簧”的三维参数化CAD系统,对于合理设计其结构尺寸,选择适宜的结构参数,提高设计效率和设计质量,具有重要的现实意义。 本论文叙述了基于SolidWorks软件平台所开发的铁路车辆专用锥形橡胶弹簧CAD系统的主要设计思想和设计流程,并给出一些源代码和应用实例。该CAD系统具备以下主要功能: 1、根据锥形橡胶弹簧的外在受力情况和设计约束,在Visual Basic环境下编制程序,实现锥形橡胶弹簧的结构尺寸设计。 2、根据上述计算所得的锥形橡胶弹簧结构尺寸参数,绘出弹簧的三维参数化实体模型,以直观地反映设计结果,为评价和分析设计提供便利。 3、调用相应的MATLAB数学函数库和图形库,对设计的橡胶弹簧进行振动分析,绘制弹簧加载后系统的阶跃响应曲线、脉冲响应曲线、增益-频率响应曲线和相角-频率响应曲线,根据曲线来分析橡胶弹簧系统的各项性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Complex mechanical vibration will be generating when rolling-Stock is running on the railway. To control the vibration , the rolling-stock must have spring suspension device to limit the mechanical vibration and insure the rolling-stock running safety and improve the travel comfort especially in high speed and heavy load transportation case. There are many kinds of spring such as metal spring, air spring and rubber spring have been used in spring suspension devices. Rubber spring has bigger volume per unit than metal spring, and rubber spring can remove high frequency vibration to improve the capabilities of vibration. Because rubber spring has the characteristic of non-linearity stiffness and different vertical and horizontal stiffness could be obtained if rubber spring is used in the suspension device , So it is possible that rubber spring will be used more and more for railway vehicles in the future.But the design of rubber spring for railway vehicles is not enough mature in China. And it is touch and hard job to design the conical rubber spring by manual. So it is urgent necessary to develop a special CAD software.In this paper, based on SolidWorks software platform, the design thought and flowchart of special railway conical rubber spring suspension CAD software has been deeply described and some resource codes and instances have been inserted. The CAD software have functions as follow:1) According to the load and constraints of conical rubber spring, parameter computation of spring suspension has been carry out in the visual Basic environment.2) The 3D parameterize model of conical rubber spring suspension has been constructed by Solidworks platform which parameters come from the data we obtained in the first step. It really provides convenience to visualize and optimize the design result.3) Vibration analysis has been fulfilled by calling some math libraries and graphic libraries in MATLAB to plot graphics such as step response, impulse response, gain-frequency andphase-frequency. We can know the capabilities of the rubber spring system from the graphics.更多还原