区域旅游合作竞争演化及发展研究

【作者】 梁艺桦；

【导师】 杨新军；

【作者基本信息】 西北大学 ， 人文地理学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 合作竞争模式的提出是旅游发展中新阶段形势的必然需求。但是目前国内外学术界对区域旅游竞争与合作的研究主要集中在对问题的分析与阐述上,尚缺乏深入、系统的探讨,且大多集中在探索旅游空间合作或空间竞争某些属性、特征等问题,研究方法保守单一。旅游合作与竞争之间关系演化、形成及发展问题的研究尚缺。论文从系统学和博弈论出发,以西安和咸阳两个旅游地为例,研究区域旅游合作竞争关系演化及发展,提出“寓竞争于合作”的开发模式。 系统学认为,世界旅游系统各层次子系统始终不断进行自组织行为。这种行为是把“一和多”统一起来形成复杂多样性的统一,把互补性和对立性统一起来形成两重性逻辑的统一。正是这种自组织矛盾运动,使世界旅游系统既保持进化的活力与动力,又具有进化所需的稳定有序的内外环境。从而使该系统能够自我组织、自我维持、自我创新,不断从较低级稳定态向更高级的稳定态演进。因此,区域旅游合作竞争是地方旅游子系统演化到区域旅游系统自组织行为过程中的一种稳定态势,其形成的前提、诱因、道路、方式、动力及前途等均可系统学解析;另一方面,区域旅游合作竞争战略尽管强调竞争与合作并重,但是它强调的合作不是不考虑自己利益的合作,其最终目标仍然是使各方能够在区域旅游活动中获益。合作竞争博弈战略的核心思想是努力创新旅游活动,使旅游活动向有利于各方方向发展。 文章认为,在经济全球化与区域化的推进使得社会系统进一步对外开放的大环境下,西安和咸阳核心一边缘型旅游地发展模式的形成导致两地旅游系统发展极不平衡,加上我国入世后旅游业面临前所未有的挑战,西安和咸阳两地旅游竞争实力不足与国内外其他旅游城市相抗衡,因此,在极化与扩散两种选择模式中,西安和咸阳两地旅游空间发展模式的最佳博弈选择是区域旅游合作;而西安大旅游圈的形成及西安和咸阳“旅游同线”政策的出台,进一步促使西咸区域旅游合作态势形成,但这种合作模式实质应是区域旅游合作竞争模式——西咸区域旅游合作竞争模式是两地旅游子系统自组织的结果,其动力来自于系统内部,并不存在外界的“干预”或“指令”,即来自于该两个子系统的竞争与协同;西咸区域旅游合作竞争是以不断提升两地旅游区位作竞争为目标,不断发展创新,即旅游产业区位(?)西咸旅游合作竞争。最后,文章根据实际情况,从合作竞争博弈战略角度出发,从“共享旅游信息、旅游企业合作与共兴、旅游资源共享和重组、旅游产品更新和开发、旅游产品空间组合重构、建立西咸旅游目的地营销系统、统筹编制旅游规划、建立跨地区旅游管理协调机构和机制”七个方面提出西安咸阳区域旅游合作竞争发展战略。更多还原

【Abstract】 Co-opetition model is a new discussion in tourism development research field. However, the now study target in sphere of tourism learning is only on either inter-regional tourism cooperation or inter-regional tourism operation. What is more, the now research progress is at the elementary stage and the study depth is be short of. The relationship just as the evolutionary dynamics analysis between inter-regional tourism cooperation and inter-regional tourism operation is neglected. Thus, in this paper, the evolutionary dynamics analysis and development of regional tourism co-opetition model are studied based on the case of Xi’an and Xianyang.In this paper, the systematic theory and the game analytical method are used to study the regional tourism co-opetition model. The systematic theory point out that the tourism development can be seen as a big as well as complicated system. Each factor in this system is not only interdependent but also reciprocal causation and mutually condition. The prerequisite, guiding cause, ways, pattern, motive power and prospect can all be studied by the way of systematic theory. On the other hand, the co-opetition game strategy can be used to analyze the development of the tourism co-opetition model, which emphasize on both cooperation and operation.On the basis of the case study of Xi’an and Xianyang, the systematic theory and the game method above mentioned are used to analyze the evolution and development of "Xi-Xian" regional tourism co-opetition model. The paper point out that, in circumstances of the social system opening further, which is caused by the economic globalization and regionalization, the formation of zone- peripheral model lead the tourism development of Xi’an and Xianyang imbalanced. While the challenges caused by the WTO are unprecedented, the tourism competitive strength of Xi’an and Xianyang are both inadequate to counter with other tourism cities both domestic and abroad. Thus, the two cities’ best game choose is regional tourism cooperation. However, according to the systematic theory and game analytical method, the regional tourism cooperation usually said and viewed is regional tourism co-opetition indeed. Therefore, the Xi-Xian regional tourism co-opetition model is the result of the two son-systems’ self- organization, whose motive power is from the internal system not existing "intervention" nor "directive" , namely , the "operation" and "coordination" inside the two son-systems. What is more, the future of the "Xi-Xian" regional tourism co-opetition model is to upgrade the two tourism destinations’ tourism location. At last, seven development strategies such as the two cities’ overall image upgrading, cooperation and symbiosis of tourism enterprises, tourism resources sharing and reorganizing, tourism products updating and developing, the spatial combination and reorganization of tourism products and so on are pointed out.更多还原