【作者】 李春斌；

【导师】 汪振江；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 民商法学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 在构建“和谐社会”和建设“社会主义新农村”的宏大背景下,因土地征用而失去土地的农民无疑成为社会各界关注的焦点。 本文第一部分从失地农民作为弱势群体的法学界定入手,指出失地农民是因失去土地而失去土地上包括财产权利、基本生活保障的权利、就业机会的权利以及与土地相关的一系列相关权利的一类特殊法律主体。 本文第二部分采用实证分析的方法,对欠发达地区的典型代表——甘肃省失地农民的现状和存在的问题进行了详细的阐述。 文章的第三部分具体分析了影响失地农民从农民转换成市民的因素,并指出:全面提高劳动力素质、加速消除对失地农民的就业歧视、建立面向失地农民的社会保障、政府职能作用的发挥以及社区管理的转变是实现失地农民角色转换的主要措施。 如何对失地农民进行有效的安置和保障?这是摆在笔者面前的一个重要课题。本文第四部分指出:在安置失地农民时,可持续生计原则和以人为本原则是我们所要遵循的重要原则。同时根据各地的实际,可以采用货币安置、留用地安置、招工安置、社区股份经济合作安置等方式多样化安置失地农民。 本文第五部分认为:在构建失地农民的社会保障体系时,失地农民最低生活保障、失地农民养老保障制度、失地农民医疗保障制度、失地农民法律援助机制、失地农民培训和社会服务机制是这个体系的重要组成部分。更多还原

【Abstract】 Due to land expropriation, farmers having no land have undoubtedly become the focus of people in every walk of life on the background of constructing a "harmonious society" and "new socialist rural areas."The first part of the paper defines the concept of land-lost farmers from the point view of law. As one part of feeble group, such kind of refers to special legal subjects who have lost their property rights, the basic livelihood guarantee rights, employment rights and other rights associated with land.The second part concerns the detailed explanation by adopting the empirical analysis methods on the current situation and problems encountered by peasants in Gansu Province that is taken as the typical representative of the less-developed areas.The third part of the article analyses the factors which hinders the process of transforming peasants to city people and noted some main measures, such as improving overall quality of the workforce, accelerating the elimination of employment discrimination on no -land farmers, creating social guarantee system for them, exerting the government functions and changing the role and style of the community management. The question of how to make the placement and protection effectively is an issue of importance.The fourth part points out that the work of replacing farmers should be guided by two important principles, i.e. sustainable livelihoods and people-oriented principle, and should be accompanied by other diversified policies such as monetary, remaining land, re-employment, and joint-stock enterprise policies based on the local factual situation,The last part regards that the social guarantee system also contains other integral components for lost-land farmers, such as basic livelihood guarantee, pension guarantee system, medical support system, legal aid mechanisms, training and social services.更多还原