【作者】 毛仲荣；

【导师】 俞树毅；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 经济法， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 我国现行的农村集体所有、农村家庭承包经营的农地产权制度是经过了农村集体化、人民公社化后形成的,是改革开放的产物。其建立对我国农民来说具有重要的产权意义,使得土地的使用权发生了实质性的变化,因而极大地调动了农民的积极性,大大促进了农业生产力的发展。但是,随着商品经济的发展,尤其是社会主义市场经济体制的确立,家庭联产承包责任制的种种弊端也渐渐凸现,某种程度上已影响到了我国农地资源的配置效率。 文章借鉴产权的有关理论,采用法经济学的研究方法,在系统地回顾了建国后我国农地制度的演变过程,总结了农地制度变迁的经济学因素,分析了我国现行家庭承包经营责任制的现状、制度绩效及其面临的困境与挑战后,以为:虽然农地制度创新是我国农村经济增长的重要源泉,家庭联产承包责任制本身不可能一劳永逸地解决我国农业发展中的所有问题,但是,目前有关农地产权制度创新的种种方案并不完善,农业内部外部的不确定性因素及矛盾纷繁复杂,而我国是一个农业人口大国,农村土地产权制度的变革是牵一发而动全身的大举动,必须考虑各个方面,尤其是农村的稳定问题。否则,就有可能断送我国农村二十多年来的改革成果。因此,从我国实际出发,现阶段农地产权制度创新的出发点只能是继续坚持稳定并完善家庭联产承包责任制。在此基础上进一步“弱化所有权,强化和细化承包权,放活使用权”,以此提高农地的资源配置效率。更多还原

【Abstract】 The existing property rights system of rural collective ownership and management under household contract is the child of the reform and opening up. The system experienced the stages of collectivization and the People’s Commune, and the establishment of it is of significance to farmers as the material change of land use rights has motivated farmers, and hence has accelerated productive forces. Nevertheless, with the development of commodity economy and especially with the establishment of the Socialist market economy system, more and more problems of the land property rights system have arisen, which, in a sense, hinders the effective allocation of land resource.This paper, drawing references from theories about property rights and adopting a legal and economical method, has a systematical review of the evolution and economical factors of rural land property rights system after the founding of the People’s Republic of China, analyzes the status quo, operating effects, predicaments and challenges of the household contract responsibility system with remuneration linked to output, and finally draws a conclusion that all aspects, especially the stability of rural areas, have to be taken into account when no program of the innovation of rural land property rights system can resolve all the complicated problems caused by the existing land system in order to speed up the rural economic growth, particularly in a big agricultural country like China;otherwise, the fruits of twenty years of the rural reforms will be spoiled. Therefore, according to actual conditions, the starting point of the reform of the existing land property rights system have no choice but maintain stability in rural areas and better the household contract responsibility system with remuneration linked to output, and what’s more, "weaken the ownership of land, strengthen and formulate the right of land contracting, liberalize the rights of land use" to improve the effective allocation of rural land resource.更多还原