【作者】 李小虎；

【导师】 马云志；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 国际政治， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 新保守主义是美国国内比较新的一股政治思潮。其兴起于20世纪中叶,并在里根政府、布什政府(乔治·W·布什)中极大的影响了美国的外交政策。新保守主义的外交思想不仅重视道义而且强调实力。其有着深厚的政治哲学基础,即列奥·施特劳斯的“自然正当”学说;同时它又继承了美国传统的外交理论的一些核心理念,这使得它更容易为美国决策层和美国民众接受。新保守主义外交理念发挥作用的历史条件是十分复杂的:如美国绝对优势的物质实力基础,深厚的宗教、历史文化动因,合适的政治环境及与核心决策者一致的政治理念等。但新保守主义的这种单边主义外交政策的局限性也是明显的,不但有其战略认识上的不足之处,而且在实践中对美国国家利益造成了损害。值得注意的是,新保守主义在中美关系中具有相当大的消极作用。这种消极作用的根源就是新保守主义外交理念中的强烈的、乃至偏执的意识形态色彩和从现实主义的视角来分析中国的崛起。更多还原

【Abstract】 Neoconservatism, emerging in the middle of the 1920s, is a new kind of political trend in the United States, which greatly affects the American foreign policy in Reagan and Bush Administration. The diplomatic ideology of Neoconservatism emphasizes not only the morality and justice, but strength. It has a solid foundation of political philosophy, that is, "natural right" advanced by Leo Strauss, and at the same time inherits some core principles of the traditional American foreign policy, which makes it acceptable by the American public and the decision-makers. The historical factors of the Neoconservatism diplomatic principles are various, including material foundation of the absolute superiority, factors of profound history, appropriate political environment, and the decision makers’ consistent political principles. But the limitation of the unilateralism held by Neoconservatism is obvious and there are disadvantages in strategy understanding, furthermore, there is injury to American benefits in its application. It is noteworthy that Neoconservatism plays a negative role in Sino-American relationship, whose origin lies in the illiberal ideology and in the analysis of the rise of China from the realistic perspective.更多还原