基于梳理机改造的植生纱研究开发

【作者】 周奉磊；

【导师】 马建伟；

【作者基本信息】 青岛大学 ， 纺织工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 草坪加工技术直接影响到草坪的各项质量指标,如外观、密度、使用寿命等。纺织技术在农业,特别是在草坪加工方面有着广泛的应用。本文从传统纺织技术入手,论述了纺织技术在草坪业的国内外应用,分析了传统草坪加工技术的现状和存在的问题,提出了一种新型的草坪加工技术,即基于改造的梳理设备,将草种加入到粗纱中,生产一种新型的草坪原料-植生纱。 本文的结构如下: 第一部分论述了纺织技术在现代草坪中的应用,通过与其它无土栽培基质对比,着重说明了纱线集合体作为无土基质的优点,同时对国内外研究者所取得成果和不足进行了比较详细的论述。 第二部分系统地介绍了植生纱设备的整体方案,包括植生纱设备的牵伸、加捻及卷绕机构的原理、设计方案和实现。 第三部分在植生纱设备整体方案的基础上,详述了设备控制系统的原理、特点和设计。该系统分为硬件和软件两个部分。根据植生纱的纺制原理,提出了设备的硬件和软件的整体设计方案。硬件系统包括人机界面、控制器、驱动器、变频器和步进电机、设备。利用梯形图编程语言开发了植生纱设备的软件系统。 第四部分基于开发的植生纱设备,进行了几种植生纱的试纺,对植生纱的物理机械性能进行了测试和分析,并且探讨了植生纱加工参数对草种密度、出苗率、出苗周期等的影响。 全文最后对进一步的研究进行了展望,建议对植生纱性能作进一步的研究,以期用来作为土工无纺布的增强基或作为土工织物的纬纱。更多还原

【Abstract】 Technologies of manufacturing lawns have significant effects on quality indexes such as appearance, density and durability. Textile technology has been widely applied in agriculture, especially in lawn production. Application of traditional textile technology in the lawn industry was introduced in detail, followed by analysis of current status and problems and a new technology of processing lawn was put forward. Based on the improved carding machine, a new kind of lawn material - lawn nursery yarn was obtained by adding the seeds into the yarn body.First of all, the dissertation deals with applications of textile technologies in modern lawn. A detailed analysis on the advantages of roving yarn as soilless base has been carried out by comparison with other soilless bases and synchronously pointed out the research fruits achieved by researchers as well as the disadvantages. Secondly, the overall project of the machine used to spin lawn nursery yarn was reported systemically, which comprises the principle and design of drafting assembly, twisting and winding frames, thus providing successfully realization of the project. Thirdly, the principle, characteristics and design of control system including hardware and software components were presented in detail. Based on the spinning process of lawn nursery yarn, the overall design project of hardware system and software system was further proposed. The hardware component comprises human machine interface (HMI), programmable logic controller (PLC), driver, inverter as well as stepping motor. The software was developed by using ladder diagram (LD), which is one of the major programming languages in sequential controllers of plants. Fourthly, several samples of lawn nursery yarn were attempted to spin on this machine. At the same time the physical and mechanical properties of these yarn samples were measured and analyzed to investigate the effects of processing parameters like linear density, break strength and twist on seed density, germinating rate and germinating cycle.The results prove that such an approach is feasible, robust and worth further analysis to use lawn nursery yarn as strengthening element of nonwoven geotextiles or to weave geotextile fabric.更多还原