【作者】 桑绮；

【导师】 张邦俊；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 环境科学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国经济的迅猛发展,电力需求快速增长,电网建设步伐加快,超高压输变电设备大大增加。由输变电设备产生的工频电磁场环境问题也越来越受到关注。各类输变电设备产生的工频电磁场环境影响究竟有多大,它们的分布和衰减情况如何是本文研究的主要内容。 本文选取了不同电压等级的9条具有代表性的架空输电线路和7座典型的变电站,分别对输电线路走廊、变电站内及变电站外的工频电场、磁场分布进行了研究,从中得出不同输变电设备工频电磁场的距离衰减变化情况。 输电线路工频场强的大小与线路架设、输送方式以及运行参数等因素相关。文中针对输电线路电磁场分布及距离衰减特征提出了相应的防护距离。此外,通过对输电线路电磁场实测和理论计算的比较,得出两者之间总体相符的结论。 变电站内的工频设备众多、布置形式复杂,通过对典型变电站内部主变和高、中、低压配电区域各类设备工频电场、磁场的实测分析,从大量数据中得出电磁场分布的特征,提出500kV配电区域和低压电抗器分别是电场和磁场防护的重点区域,并对场强大的设备划定了防护距离。 把变电站看做一个整体工频源,对其外部环境的工频电磁场的分布和衰减特征进行研究,得出站外的环境电磁场与变电站电压等级、变电容量等因素的关系。 本文综合阐述了输变电设备工频电磁场分布特征,并对照我国目前推荐的公众和职业暴露限值提出了距离防护的建议,为保障公众和职业人员的安全健康提供了依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with fast development of our country economic, the electric power need mount up rapidly, construction of power net mend its pace, the extra high voltage transmission and power transfer increase largely. The problem about power frequency electric and magnetic field from transmission and power transfer have received more and more attention. Intensity, distribution and attenuation rules of power frequency electric and magnetic field from all kinds transmission and power transfer is main content in this paper.There are 9 overhead lines and 7 transformer substationses which are representative with different electric voltage grade are chosed in our study. In order to find the rules of attenuation, we have analysed power frequency electric and magnetic field distribution on aisle of overhead lines, in and out substationses.Power frequency electric and magnetic field of overhead lines are interrelated with span of lines, mode of transfers and paralmeter of circulation etc. From distribution and attenuation rules of power frequency electric and magnetic field, we bring out protective distance. Besides, measure are compared with theory calculate in this paper, there are good results as a whole.In substationses, there are many power frequency equipments and disposal modes. From a large number of measure datum ,we can conclude transmission of 500kV and reactor of low-voltage are main area of distance protection from electric and magnetic field.Regard transformer substation as a whole source of power frequency electric and magnetic field, exterior distribution and attenuation rules of electric and magnetic field are researched. Intensity of power frequency electric and magnetic field out of substation is related by voltage magnitude and capability.Compare these datum with limits of our country about public and occupational exposure, we can restrict protection distance. It can provide the reference knowledge for protection health of public and occupational people.更多还原