英美法上的浮动抵押制度及其借鉴

【作者】 陈静；

【导师】 王玉梅；

【作者基本信息】 中国政法大学 ， 民商法学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 浮动抵押是担保物权中一种比较特别的担保种类。它是为满足经济发展尤其是企业融资的需要，在一百多年前英国衡平法院通过司法实践创立的一种抵押制度。浮动抵押的显著特征是作为抵押物的财产是不特定的，抵押人在一定范围内可以自由处分抵押财产。从而实现了浮动抵押制度的效率追求，浮动抵押制度以其在现代工商业融资中的突出优势备受英美法系国家的青睐。 今天在我国市场经济发展的过程中，现代担保物权的功能正在从保全型担保向金融媒介型担保转化，加上我国信贷业务的多元化，项目融资方式的广泛采纳，都对浮动抵押产生了实际需要。而且我国现阶段与浮动抵押相配套的制度已发育或正在成长，足以保障浮动抵押制度移植的成功。所以我国也应根据商业发展的需要，引进浮动抵押制度，完善我国的担保制度，提高担保物权融通资金的功能，为众多企业的融资活动开辟新的途径。 本文以序言开头，正文共分为三部分，最后是简短的结论。 序言介绍了我国引进浮动抵押的背景后，说明写作理由。 第一部分“浮动抵押制度概述”。首先介绍了浮动抵押的历史发展轨迹，介绍了英国、美国的浮动抵押制度，指出浮动抵押制度是为了适用现代商业发展的需要产生的。进而比较了浮动抵押同固定抵押、浮动抵押同财团抵押的区别，指出浮动抵押制度的缺点和优点。 第二部分“浮动抵押的运行”。这部分比较了英国和美国在浮动抵押设立的主体、方式、登记公示及实行方面相同点及不同点，指出了两个国家浮动抵押可供我国借鉴的方面。为下文移植浮动抵押提供经验。 第三部分“我国移植浮动抵押的可能行及必要性”。经济关系的发展常常引导法律的发展。我国信贷业务的多元化，项目融资方式的广泛采纳，都对浮动抵押产生了实际需要，指出移植浮动抵押制度的必要性。浮动抵押功能能否发挥，还需要配套制度的支持，登记公示制度、公信制度。我国这些登记公示公信制度已经形成并逐步完善，完全可以支持浮动抵押制度的移植。指出了移植浮动抵押制度的可能性。最后结合我国的物权法草案建议稿，对我国浮动抵押制度的主体，更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with the continuously economic development, enterprise margin’s demand, breaking traditional principle of theories of real right, Anglo-American law established floating charge Floating charge in England has already been remaining for over 100 years, In floating charge, the mortgagor does not transfer the occupancy of mortgage things and is free to deal with the property within the certain scope This is the main characteristic of floating charge Because of satisfying the request of the margin of modern industry and business, floating charge obtains good opinions in Anglo-American law The system can be found in the law of above nations Along with our country’s market economic development, in economic life floating charge is not lack of Practice, but has not clear and definite legal provision According to need of the actuality, our country should establish floating charge in order to Perfect guarantee real right system and satisfy need of enterprise’s margin I begin the paper with preface. And the main body of the paper is departed into three parts. There is a short conclusion as the end.In the preface, I introduce the background in our country to found floating charge. Then I give the reason for writing the paper.The first part is the Introduction of Floating Charge. First, I introduce the history of floating charge, and floating charge in England and American. Floating charge fits the development of modern commerce. Then I compare floating charge, fixed charge, and mortgage of a property group; and point out the advantage and the disadvantage of floating charge.The second part is the operation of floating charge. According to the subject who can form floating charge, the way to form floating charge, the registration of floating charge, and the operation of floating charge in England and American , I pointed out what can be used in our country.The third part is the possibility and necessity of transplanting floating charge into our country. In our country, the business of credit is becoming many-faceted. For this reason the economy needs floating charge badly. Besides, floating charge needs m related systems, such as registration, which has already built up in our country. So there is much possibility to transplant floating charge into our country. On the ground of the above-mentioned reasons, I give my advice in how to build floating charge in更多还原