工业在线颜色测量方法及系统的研究

【作者】 牟晶晶；

【导师】 徐海松；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 光学工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着颜色在工业生产中越来越广泛的应用,如何提高颜色产品的质量,已经成为企业取得核心竞争力的关键所在。然而,国内相对落后的颜色检测水平却严重制约了颜色工业的发展。因此,有必要通过对颜色测量相关理论的研究,设计一种具有高精度、高稳定性、强抗干扰且价格低廉的在线颜色测试系统。 基于色度学的基本理论以及颜色测量经典方法的比较研究,确定了采用光电积分型测色原理,同时结合数字计算机技术和现代控制理论的总体解决方案。在此基础上,分别对光学系统、色度定标方案、硬件电路以及系统软件展开了详细的设计、工程实施以及实验验证。 根据在线测试系统对运行速度和资源空间的特定要求,本论文对单片机系统和PC机系统的功能职责进行了规划。单片机系统以颜色信号的采集和传输为主要任务,同时通过PLC模块控制自动测量和自动定标的执行机构。为保证数据传输的可靠性和稳定性,系统采用了RS-485电气通信接口,并科学有效地设计了相应的串口通信协议。PC机作为整个测试系统的控制核心,承担着包括色度学计算和判断等数据处理、信息存储、界面显示、串口通信、记录查询等功能。在对PC机程序进行模块化设计的基础上,论文详细阐述了采用多线程和数据库技术解决本系统应用中多任务产生的系统资源问题等关键技术。 通过多种实验对本系统的颜色测量相关技术指标进行了测试和评价。实验表明,本系统在稳定性、重复性、复现性和示值误差(准确性)等方面都表现出了优异的性能;同时,连续测色实验进一步验证了本系统设计方案的可行性和有效性。最后,对本论文的相关研究方面作了技术总结,并对目前设计方案中存在的不足和可能的改进方向进行了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Color quality is one of the most important elements in related industrial quality control, in which color measurement is the key technology. However, the relatively unadvanced color measurement technology is influencing seriously the development of domestic color industry. Hereby, based on the deep study of the relevant theory of color measurement, an online color measurement system was designed with high precision, good stability, strong anti-jamming, and low cost.With the application of colorimetry and the comparison of classical color measurement methods, the general scheme was determined with the colorimetric principle of photoelectric integrating mode and the combination of digital computer technology and modern industrial controlling theory. Whereafter, the engineering design and testing experiments were described in details of optical system, colorimetric calibration, hardware and software.Considering the special requirements of online system for runtime and resource space, the functional modules were particularly marked out for the single-chip micro-computer system and the personal computer (PC) system. The single-chip micro-computer system sampled the color signals and sent them to PC, while controlled the auto-measurement and auto-calibration machinery via the PLC module. To ensure the reliability and stability of the data communication, the RS-485 electric interface was adopted in the system, and the corresponding communication protocols were effectively designed in the single-chip micro-computer. The software on PC is the control center of the whole online measurement system, which took charge of the data processing of colorimetric calculations and judgements, information storage, interface display, serial communication, result query and so on. On the basis of the modularization design of the PC software, several key techniques were detailed, such asthe solution of the system resources’ problem by use of the multithreading and database technology.Several experiments were carried out to test and evaluate the related technical performances of this system, which showed excellent stability, repeatability, and accuracy of color measurement. Furthermore, on the results of the long-time continuous color measurement experiment indicated that the designed scheme of the on-line color measurement method and system is feasible and effectual. Finally, the technical aspects of this study were summarized, and then the existing deficiencies and the possible improvements of this system were prospected.更多还原