【作者】 何春燕；

【导师】 王涌；

【作者基本信息】 中国政法大学 ， 民商法学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 2004年阳光农业相互保险公司批准筹建，这引发了我对相互保险公司这种“陌生”的公司形式的兴趣。随着了解的深入，发现两组强烈而微秒的反差：相互保险公司在国外保险市场上非常盛行，而国内仅有刚刚成立的一家；国外理论界对相互保险公司的研究可以称得上“老生常谈”，而国内的专门研究则是少之又少，法学界对相互保险公司的研究则几近于无。相互保险公司究竟是何许事物?我国可否引进相互保险公司?引进时应该注意哪些问题?希冀经过研究后，能对上述问题作出比较成熟的回答，但因能力有限，论文字数有限，笔者把论述的重点放在第一个问题上。在介绍相互保险公司概念和历史的基础上，着重讨论了相互保险公司的所有权结构和投保人的法律地位，在文章最后部分提出了我国引进相互保险公司应考虑的若干问题。 文章第一部分“相互保险公司概述”讨论了两个问题：相互保险公司的概念；相互保险公司的历史和现状。以现有典型概念为参照，在分析相互保险公司基本要素的基础上，笔者得出：相互保险公司是基于相互保障的原则由投保人作为成员所有的经营保险的法人组织。继而，笔者对相互保险公司发展的历史脉络进行了梳理，并介绍了相互保险公司的现状，进一步肯定了此种公司组织形式的“流行性”。 文章第二部分“相互保险公司的所有权结构”。在对消费者合作社基本要素分析的基础上，笔者得出相互保险公司实际上是消费者合作组织的一种，只是其管理模式采取了公司模式，即相互保险公司为公司式的消费者合作组织。本部分的第二个重要内容就是研究、探讨为什么相互保险公司这种所有权结构在保险业中如此盛行。以股份保险公司为参照，笔者从代理成本的角度和交易成本的角度讨论了相互保险公司的优势和劣势。 文章第三部分“相互保险公司成员(投保人)的法律地位”。笔者从三个方面阐明成员(投保人)的法律地位。首先，成员(投保人)与相互保险公司之间的法律关系，此为一种双轨制的关系，包括组织法上的关系和合同法上的关系。其次，成员(投保人)与成员(投保人)之间的法律关系，成员之间在法律上不相互直接提供保险，而是更多还原

【Abstract】 My interest to the strange form mutual insurance company arose when hearing the news of approval and establishing of the "Sunlight Agricultural Mutual Insurance Company". Along with deepening of my understanding of mutual insurance companies, I found two strong but subtle contrasts: the mutual insurance company is very popular in foreign insurance markets, but there is only one company in China; research on mutual insurance in foreign scholars is prevailing, while there is little study on mutual insurance companies by Chinese scholars. What is indeed a mutual insurance company? Can mutual insurance be brought into China? What should be noticed especially when introducing mutual insurance companies into China? I hope myself can respond to the former questions, but my ability and time is limited. So the first question is the main topic of this thesis. Based on the introduction of the definition and history of mutual insurance companies, the thesis focuses on the ownership structure of mutual insurance companies and the legal position of members (policy-holders). In the last part of this thesis, the author pointed out some matters that should be paid attention to when "importing" mutual insurance companies.Two points was discussed in the first part "general introduction to mutual insurance companies": definition of mutual insurance companies; history and present situation of mutual insurance companies. Based on the current typical definitions and analysis of fundamental elements of mutual insurance companies, the author concluded that a mutual insurance company refers to a legal entity owned by members (policy-holders) to operate insurance business on principle of mutual assurance. Then, the author reviewed the development history of mutual insurance companies and introduced its current situation.更多还原