【作者】 彭现堂；

【导师】 刘金华；

【作者基本信息】 中国政法大学 ， 法律， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来，民事公益诉讼成为人们讨论的热点话题。许多学者从不同的方面或角度进行了初步的探讨。笔者在本文中主要论证我国应如何构建民事公益诉讼制度，以其更好地保护国家和社会公共利益，维护正当合理的社会公共秩序。 本文简要介绍了公共利益的概念和特点，公益诉讼的概念和特征，民事公益诉讼的概念和特征，民事公益诉讼与我国代表人诉讼的区别，以及大陆法系和普通法系对民事公益诉讼制度的规定，并对大陆法系和普通法系中几个有代表性的国家(美国、英国、德国、法国、日本和前苏联)有关民事公益诉讼制度的规定进行了比较；分析了构建我国民事公益诉讼制度的理论基础、必要性和可行性；提出了建立我国民事公益诉讼制度的一些具体建议。 在结构上，本文共分四章： 第一章为民事公益诉讼制度概述。笔者首先论述何谓公共利益和公益诉讼，提出公益利益和公益诉讼概念及特点。其次论述了民事公益诉讼的概念及特征，并将民事公益诉讼与我国代表人诉讼加以比较，分析它们之间的异同，得出了我国代表人诉讼不属于民事公益诉讼的结论。 第二章为构建我国民事公益诉讼制度的理论基础。笔者主要从权利保障理论、诉讼效益理论和程序当事人理论三个方面论证了在我国构建民事公益诉讼制度的理论基础，为我国构建民事公益诉讼制度提供理论上的依据。 第三章为两大法系有关民事公益诉讼制度的规定及比较。笔者主更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, civil public litigation has become a hot issue。 Many scholars made preliminary explorations on it from different aspects or angles。 The author in this article mainly expounds how to create civil public litigation in China, with the purpose to protect national and public interest, and to safeguard public order。This article briefly introduces the conception and character of the public interest and public litigation , the conception and character of the civil public litigation, the differences between the civil public litigation and the representative action, and the prescription of two legal systems on public litigation where the author makes a comparison among several representative countries。 It analyzes the theory basis、 the necessity and feasibility, and puts forward some suggestions about how to create civil public litigation in China。 This article includes four chapters:The first chapter is the outline of the civil public litigation。 The author firstly discusses what the public interest and the public litigation are, puts forward the definition and character of the public interest and public litigation; Then the author discusses the definition and character of the civil public litigation, makes a comparison between the civil public litigation and the representative action, and analyzes the differences between them。The second chapter is the illustration of the theory basis。 The author illustrates the theory basis of creating the civil public litigation from the right safeguarding theory、 the litigation benefit theory and the procedural parties theory, so as to create a theoretical basis for our country to found civil public litigation。The third chapter is the prescription of two legal systems on public litigation where the author makes a comparison among several representative countries。 The author introduces the prescription of several representative countries on civil public litigation, and makes a comparison among them, so that it can make an example for our country to create civil更多还原