【作者】 徐文君；

【导师】 汪茫；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 材料科学与工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 碳纳米管具有优良的电学、光学、磁学和力学性能,是一种良好的电子传输材料。但是,由于碳纳米管的化学惰性,所以一般不溶不熔。这极大地降低了这类材料在溶剂中的分散性以及与其它有机物的相容性。因此,对碳纳米管进行表面修饰对促进其在实际器件中的应用具有重要的意义。近年来,有机光电材料由于其质轻,成本低,能级结构可调控和易大面积加工成柔性器件等优点受到科学界和工业界广泛的关注。但与无机半导体材料相比,有机材料的光生载流子在传输过程中极易重新复合或被陷阱俘获而失活,使得它们的光电转换效率比较低,制约了这类材料的发展和大规模产业化。研究表明,碳纳米管与多种有机光电材料之间能发生电荷转移从而提高有机光电材料的载流子解离效率。同时,具有较大界面接触面积的碳纳米管/有机光电一维复合材料比无规混合的复合材料具有更好的性能。基于这一思想,我们用两种简单的相分离法制备了多壁碳纳米管/三苯胺以及多壁碳纳米管/三苯胺聚合物一维复合材料,并研究了这两种材料的性能和组分间的相互作用。 论文第二章介绍了碳纳米管的纯化、截断和烷基链接枝反应,以提高碳纳米管在溶剂中的分散性。再用一种简单的相分离方法制备了三苯胺包覆的碳纳米管一维复合物。XRD研究表明三苯胺在碳纳米管管壁上能够有序堆积形成晶体结构。通过荧光光谱和表面光电压光谱对碳纳米管与三苯胺分子间的电子相互作用进行了研究。光导测试表明,碳纳米管的存在破坏了三苯胺在PVB基体中的均匀分散性,从而导致了三苯胺光导性能的降低。 论文第三章介绍了合成主链含三苯胺以及联苯二乙烯基团的聚合物PTPA的方法。并用另一种简单温和的相分离法制备了PTPA包覆的多壁碳纳米管一维复合物。通过TEM、红外和XRD等表征了所得复合物的形貌和聚集态结构。紫外和荧光光谱研究显示PTPA与碳纳米管之间存在着电子相互作用。从PTPA到MWCNTs上的电子转移,是PTPA光导性能提高的主要原因。更多还原

【Abstract】 Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted much attention due to their unique electrical, optical, magnetic and mechanical properties. They show good capacity of electron transportation. However, because their sidewalls are usually inert, it is hard to disperse them well in common solvents, which hinders their applications in devices. Introducing modification to their surface is an effective way to improve their dispersibility in solvents and compatibility with organic materials. Recently, organic optoelectrical materials arouse many interests for their good properties such as light weight, low cost, easily tunable energy level and easiness to be processed into large scale. Compared with inorganic counterparts, however, the energy conversion efficiency of the organic optoelectronic materials is still very low. It has been reported that the introduction of carbon nanotubes can induce charge transfer between the organic materials and CNTs, thus improve the performance of the organic materials. Meanwhile, the total area of the interface between CNTs and organic materials is found to be important for charge transfer. In this thesis, we fabricated triphenylamine (TPA) and triphenylamine related copolymer (PTPA) wrapped multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) one-dimensional (1D) nanohybrids through facile phase separation methods. Their structures and properties were studied.In Chapter 2, TPA wrapped MWCNTs 1D nanohybrids were fabricated through a facile phase separation method. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images exhibited that a TPA layer was wrapping the outer walls of the MWCNTs. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was utilized to investigate the aggregation structure of the TPA molecules in the hybrids. Fluorescence and SPS study of the hybrids indicated that there might exist energy or electron interactions between TPA and MWCNTs. The photoconductivity of the 1D hybrids was also investigated.Coating MWCNTs with a fluorescent PTPA were prepared through another facile and mild phase separation strategy. The morphology of the nanohybrids was demonstrated by TEM and the aggregate structure of the copolymer on MWCNTs wasinvestigated by XRD. The weight ratio of the PTPA to MWCNTs in the 1D hybrids was studied by Thermogravimetric analysis. The UV-Vis, fluorescence spectra and SPS indicated certain electronic interaction between the two components. The enhanced photosensitivity of PTPA was also observed.更多还原