【作者】 宋健；

【导师】 吴荣仁； 洪伟荣；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 化工过程机械， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 活塞式压缩机在国民经济的支柱产业石化行业有广泛的应用。随着石油化工工艺的不断变化和世界能源的日益紧张,不仅要求活塞式压缩机的排气量能够在更大的范围内连续调节,而且要求压缩机功耗随排气量降低而成比例下降,实现节能。全量程气量无级调节是活塞式压缩机气量调节方法中的一种,具有经济、安全及维修方便等特点。 从活塞式压缩机的实际工作循环入手,分析了全量程气量无级调节的基本原理,建立了全量程气量无级调节热力计算的数学模型,推导了变工况下的多级压缩机状态参数与压开进气阀时间的数学关系。 整个系统由执行机构和监控系统两部分组成,主要实现液压分配器和压缩机的同步运转功能与排气量、级间压力的调节功能。液压分配器是执行机构的核心部件。监控系统由上下位机构成,伺服电机与控制器构成下位机,PC机配以组态软件MCGS构成上位机。 在实验室搭建无级调节系统,应用到3L10/8二列二级双缸作用L型空气压缩机。初步实现压缩机与液压分配器的同步运转以及排气量、级间压力、排气温度的调节控制。分析不同压开时间,排气量、级间压力和排气温度的变化规律,并与理论计算值比较,得到实验结论。 总结研究工作,提出进一步的研究展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Reciprocating compressors have widely applied in the petrochemical industries which are the national economy’s pillar industries. With the constant changing in petrochemical processes and the growing tensions energy in the world, the capacity regulation is needed, moreover the reducing energy is needed based on the capacity decreased ratio. Full-range capacity stepless control is one of the methods of capacity regulating for reciprocating compressor, and it possesses economic, safe and well-fixing character.From the reciprocating compressors cycle with the actual work, the basic principle of full-range capacity stepless control is analysed. The mathematical models of thermodynamic calculations of full-range capacity stepless control is established. The mathematical relations between state parameters of multi-level compressors and times of pressing-off inlet valve are calculated.The entire system, which achieves synchronous operation function between reciprocating compressor and hydraulic distributor and regulatory function of capecity and Level-pressure, is composed of the actuating mechanism and the monitoring system. Hydraulic distributor is the core of the actuating mechanism. The monitoring system is composed of host computer and slave computer. Servo-motor and controller make up slave computer. PC and configuration software make up host computer.Stepless control system is established in the lab and applied to a 3L10/8 L-type air compressors. Synchronous operation between hydraulic distributor and reciprocating compressor and regulation control of capacity, level-pressure and exhaust temperature are initially achieveed. The changeing time of pressing-off inlet valve, capacity, level-pressure and exhaust temperature in various status are analysed and compared with theoretical calculations based on lab experiment results. The conclution is found.Research work is conclused and the future study is presented.更多还原