【作者】 张金环；

【导师】 甄二英； 刘月琴；

【作者基本信息】 河北农业大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 目前,国家明确提出我国现阶段的畜牧业发展方向:大力发展草食家畜。而我国牛羊养殖业发达的牧区却经常出现冬春季节牧草短缺的现象,因此开辟新的饲草资源,缓解牧区饲草短缺在现阶段尤为重要。 本试验分为两部分:试验一,微贮油葵秸秆饲料的制作:试验二,微贮油葵秸秆对绵羊生长性能、消化代谢及屠宰性能的影响。 试验一:选用新收获的油葵秸秆(含水量适宜),按不同比例进行加糖青贮,结果表明:加蔗糖0.5%组效果最好;在此基础上,添加不同比例微贮剂,结果表明:以添加微贮剂0.003%组效果最好。 试验二:选用39只5～6月龄健康小尾寒羊,随机分为三组,每组13只,以青贮玉米秸秆为对照(Ⅲ),研究微贮油葵秸秆对小尾寒羊生长性能、消化代谢及屠宰性能的影响。其他两个试验组粗饲料分别为100%微贮油葵秸秆(Ⅰ)和50%微贮油葵+50%青贮玉米秸秆(Ⅱ)。通过对绵羊生长性能、消化代谢及屠宰性能各项指标的测定,结果表明: (1) 微贮油葵秸秆对绵羊各试验阶段体重(BW)影响不大。对照组与试验组之间体重变化不显著(P>0.05),试验第15天,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组绵羊平均体重分别比试验第0天增加1.76Kg、1.43Kg和1.53Kg;试验第30天,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组绵羊平均体重分别比试验第15天增加2.2Kg、1.67Kg和1.1Kg;试验第45天,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组绵羊平均体重分别比试验第30天增加1.62Kg、1.16Kg和1.44Kg。 (2) 微贮油葵秸秆可提高绵羊平均日增重(ADG)。试验0～15天,Ⅰ、Ⅱ组平均日增重分别比对照组提高了4.7g/d·只和6.66g/d·只,差异不显著(P>0.05);16～30天,Ⅰ、Ⅱ组平均日增重比对照组分别提高了34.04g/d·只和23.89g/d·只,差异显著(P<0.05);31-45天,Ⅰ、Ⅱ组平均日增重比对照组分别提高了13.57g/d·只和2.66g/d·只,差异不显著(P>0.05)。 (3) 微贮油葵秸秆不能提高绵羊对粗蛋白质(CP)的消化率。Ⅲ组粗蛋白质(CP)消化率明显高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组,分别比Ⅰ、Ⅱ组高6.70%和6.59%,Ⅰ、Ⅱ组之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。 (4) 微贮油葵秸秆可显著提高绵羊对饲料中粗纤维(CF)的消化率。Ⅰ、Ⅱ组粗纤维(CF)消化率比Ⅲ组分别提高了2.20%和3.41%,Ⅰ、Ⅱ组与Ⅲ组之间粗纤维(CF)消化率差异显著(P<0.05),Ⅰ、Ⅱ组之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。 (5) 微贮油葵秸秆能提高绵羊对日粮酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)的消化率。Ⅰ、Ⅱ组酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)消化率比Ⅲ组分别提高了13.54%和9.80%(P<0.01)。 (6) 微贮油葵秸秆降低了绵羊对中性洗涤纤维(NDF)的消化率。Ⅰ、Ⅱ组中性洗涤纤维(NDF)消化率比Ⅲ组分别降低了11.96%和8.12%(P<0.01)。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present, our aim of animal husbandry is to develop the cattle husbandry and sheep husbandry, but the shortage of feedstuffs is constantly happen, fining new feedstuffs resurce is important.Two experiments were done in the article: Making of microbial ensilaged oil-sunflower straw in experiment one and the effects of microbial ensilaged oil-sunflower straw on performance, digestion and metabolism and carcass characteristics in sheep in experiment two.Experiment one: adding different levels of cane sugar to fresh oil-sunflower straw to making the ensilage. The result showed: The level of 0.5% was the better;on the base, adding different levels of microbial dose, the result showed: 0.003% was better than others.Experiment two: 39 small-tail han sheep were selected in the experiment to study the effects of microbial ensilaged oil-sunflower straw on performance, digestion and metabolism and carcass characteristics in sheep. The sheep were randomly divided into 3 groups with 13 sheep each;the diets were 100% microbial ensilaged oil-sunflower straw （I）, 50% microbial ensilaged oil-sunflower straw + 50% maize ensilage （II） and 100% maize ensilage which was the controlled group. The results indicated:（1） Microbial ensilaged oil-sunflower straw did not affect the body weight （BW） of sheep much. In the d 15^th, the BW of I, II and III were increased by 1.76Kg, 1.43Kg and 1.53Kg than 0 d;the d 30th of the experiment BW were increased by 2.2 Kg, 1.67 Kg and 1.1 Kg to d 15^th;the d 45^th to d 30^th the BW were 1.62Kg, 1.16 Kg and 1.44Kg.（2） Microbial ensilaged oil-sunflower straw can improve the average daily gain （ADG） of the sheep. During the d 0—15, There was 4.7g/d and 6.66g/d each sheep of group I and II increased in ADG to controlled group during the first 15 days （P>0.05）;And the second 15 days, compared with controlled group, ADG of group I and II were increased by 34.04g/d and 23.89g/d each sheep （P<0.05）, the difference were significant, and the last 15 days, there were no significant between the three treatments （P>0.05）, the ADG were increased by 13.57g/d and 2.66g/d.（3） Microbial ensilaged oil-sunflower straw cannot improve the digestibility of the coarse protein （CP） of sheep. The digestibility of controlled group with CP was much higher than that of group I and II, the data were 6.70% and 6.59%.（4） Microbial ensilaged oil-sunflower straw can improve the digestibility of the coarse fiber （CF） of sheep. In the experiment, there were 2.20% and 3.41% increased of group I and II to the controlled group, the difference were significant （P<0.05）;and there were no significant between group I and II （P>0.05）.（5） Microbial ensilaged oil-sunflower straw can improve the digestibility of the ADF of the diet. There were significantly differences between the experimental group and the controlled group, the increase were 13.54% and 9.80 % （PO.01）.（6） Microbial ensilaged oil-sunflower straw decreases the digestibility of the NDF of the diet. There were 11.96% and 8.12% decreased of group I and II to group（7） Microbial ensilaged oil-sunflower straw can affect the carcass characteristics of sheep. Slaughter ratio of group I was 0.80% higher than group III and group II 0.24% higher, but neither of the two groups was significant to the controlled group （P>0.05）, while the bone fresh ratio of the two experimental group were nearly the same, the difference between group I and group II, III was still not significant （P>0.05）.（8） Microbial ensilaged oil-sunflower straw can improve the ecnomic effect of sheep.更多还原