【作者】 庞秀；

【导师】 曹吉林；

【作者基本信息】 河北工业大学 ， 化学工艺， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 膨润土及柱撑膨润土是一种新型的多孔复合材料,具有相对较高的比表面积和表面活性,对水中微污染物有很好的去除能力。本文对柱撑膨润土的制备、成型及其对水中微量重金属离子和有机污染物的吸附进行了研究。 以河北省灵寿县膨润土为原料,以聚合羟基Ti离子为柱化剂制备钛柱撑膨润土。针对粉末状膨润土在水介质中具有溶胀性,在实际应用中固液难以分离的问题,进行了膨润土及钛柱撑膨润土成型的实验,确定了成型的适宜条件。 水中微量Cr（Ⅵ）、氯仿、氯乙酸的吸附脱除问题,以膨润土、钛柱撑膨润土、成型膨润土及成型钛柱撑膨润土为吸附剂,进行了25℃条件下对水溶液微量污染物的脱除的研究。测得了被吸附物浓度、吸附时间对吸附过程的影响,比较了不同吸附剂的吸附性能。此外还分别测定了膨润土对Cr（Ⅵ）、氯仿、氯乙酸吸附的等温线,探讨了膨润土对不同物质的吸附机理。 对粉末状钙基膨润土、钠基柱撑土、钛柱撑膨润土以及成型钛柱撑膨润土进行表征,经XRD及比表面积表征分析可知,成型钙基膨润土及成型钛柱撑膨润土比表面积均下降,成型钙基膨润土晶层塌陷,热稳定性差。而成型钛柱撑膨润土由于TiO₂将层间距锁定,阻止了膨润土晶层的塌陷,因而具有较强的热稳定性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Bentonite and pillared bentonite were novel porous materials with large surface area and high surface activity ,which exhibited strong capacity of removing the micro-pollutants from in aqueous solution. This article studied the synthesis of pillared bentonites ,shaping, and the adsorption of trace heavy metals and organic compounds in water.Ti-pillared bentonite was prepared using the bentonite from Linshou country in Hebei province as raw material and polyhydroxy-Ti cations as pillaring agent. In the light of the wetting swelling capacity of powder bentonite and its difficult separation from water in pratical application, the molding experiment of bentonite and Ti-pillared bentonite have been carried out and defined The feasible condition.In the light of the adsorption of trace chloroform ,chromium（VI） and chloroacetic acid in water, study on removal of trace chloroform ,chromium（VI） and chloroacetic acid from aqueous solution at 25℃ have been carried out using Ti-pillared bentonite, formed bentonit and formed Ti-pillared bentonite prepared as sorbent respectively. The effect of adsorbate concentration, contact time and adsorbate addation on the adsorption process were discussed. The adsorption capability of different absorbate was compared.Furthermore,the adsorption isotherm of chloroform ,chromium（VI） and Chloroacetic acid on bentonite are also determined respectivly. The adsorption mechanism of chloroform,chromium（VI） and Chloroacetic acid on the bentonite are studied respectivly.The properties of Bentonite,Ti-pillared bentonite, formed bentonit and formed Ti-pillared bentonite were determined by XRD and specific surface area measurements.According to the XRD and specific area analysis ,the results show that the specific area of molding bentonite and molding Ti-pillared bentonite is reduced. The molding bentonite crystal layer collapses and its heat stability becoming feebleness,but molding Ti-pillared bentonite has better heat stability because of TiO₂ locking the layer and preventing crystal layer collapse.更多还原