基于IPv6的边界网关路由协议BGP-4+的研究和应用

【作者】 黄瑜岳；

【导师】 韩其睿；

【作者基本信息】 天津工业大学 ， 计算机应用技术， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本课题主要研究内容包括IPv6试验床的建设、BGP-4+路由协议在IPv6网络中的实施、全球IPv6 BGP路由信息分析与可视化研究。为此,主要进行了以下几方面的工作: 首先,建立了常熟理工学院IPv6试验床,试验床的路由器均是采用Linux加上Zebra路由软件模拟实现的。试验床采用的内部网关路由协议是OSPFv3,外部网关路由协议是BGP-4+。常熟理工学院IPv6试验床的成功运行,表明Linux操作系统以及Zebra路由软件对IPv6具有良好的支持性,在实验环境下这样的模拟路由器是很经济、实用而且灵活的。 接着,进行了CERNET的BGP联网实验。在CERNET网络中心为常熟理工学院申请到了号码为65035的自治系统。然后,采用IPv6-in-IPv4的隧道技术实现了和CERNET以及北京邮电大学的隧道连接,并通过BGP-4+路由协议实现了常熟理工学院自治系统和CERNETIPv6试验床自治系统(AS65001)间的互联。依靠这个平台收集了来自backbone的大量的全球IPv6路由信息。在此基础上,展开了全球IPv6路由信息的分析研究和可视化工作。IPv6路由信息分析表明目前全球IPv6网络尚处于发展时期,存在着一些问题和不规则现象,如路由系统不稳定性、More-specific route、路由迂回和AS路径膨胀等,而出现这种现象的原因一方面分来自于6Bone的地址空间分配策略和路由策略,另一方面是由于配置错误。但是,从直观上来说,backbone路由表中的大网络路由条目(前缀大于47)是导致一系列问题和不规则现象的罪魁祸首。 最后,给出了一种基于VRML语言的全球IPv6网络AS级网络拓扑结构可视化的原理和三维的全球IPv6网络的AS拓扑结构图,从三维拓扑图上可以直观地看到常熟理工学院AS和CERNET AS间的邻居关系,通过与AS路径的对比,也可以发现一些路由迂回的现象。 本课题的研究为高校在IPv6的实施上提供了借鉴,也为观察和测量全球IPv6网络,以更好的协调和管理IPv6网络提供了有效的途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 The main content of this paper consists of three aspects,such as,the deployment of IPv6 testbed,the applications of MP_BGP in the IPv6 network,analysis and visualization of the globe IPv6 BGP routing information. Therefore, several work carried on is as following:First,the testbed in ChangShu Institute of Technology is constructed,the routers of IPv6 testbed are all simulated with Linux and Zebra.The Interior Gateway Protocol of the testbed is OSPFv3,and the Exterior Gateway Protocol is MPBGP.Success of the testbed indicates that Linux and Zebra can provide good support to IPv6,this simulated routers are very economical and practical under the experimental condition.Secondly, MP_BGP connection between CERNET and ChangShu Institute of Technology is carried on.The AS Number of ChangShu Institute of Technology allocated by CERNET is 65035,and the AS Number of CERNET is 65001,the two AS’s are connected with MP_BGP through the IPv6-in-IPv4 tunnel.A mass of BGP routing information is received from the backbone IPv6 BGP routing table on this platform. Therefore,analysis and visualization of the globe IPv6 BGP routing information is carried out. The analysic of the IPv6 routing information indicates that the globe IPv6 network is in its infancy period,and there are some anomalies in the IPv6 networks, such as the routing instability, large fractions of more-specific routes and the AS-Path inflation.It is observed that these anomalies result mainly from the instability of the long prefix.Last,this paper presents a 3D map of global IPv6 AS topology and a method to visualize the global IPv6 AS topology in 3D based on VRML.The connection between CERNET AS and the AS of ChangShu Institute of Technology is clear in the 3D AS topology map.Comparing with some AS-Pathes,some anomalies can be seen from the 3D map too.The study of this paper provides a model for the university in the IPv6 deployment, and the effective way in survey and managing IPv6 network.更多还原