【作者】 徐春菊；

【导师】 辛剑； 王慧龙；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 无机化学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 绿色水处理剂是21世纪水处理行业的发展方向,上世纪90年代开发出的绿色水处理剂聚环氧琥珀酸（PESA）,具有无磷非氮结构和可生物降解等性质,并且兼具有阻垢和缓蚀双重功效,有良好的应用前景,是目前国内外研究的热点。 本文采用传统的一步法和非传统的两步法合成了PESA Ⅰ和PESA Ⅱ两种不同的产物,并通过单因素和正交试验确立了最佳合成路线。两步法中,采用醇水溶剂代替传统的水溶剂在催化剂钨酸钠的存在下,用过氧化氢氧化马来酸制得了高纯环氧琥珀酸氢钠晶体,产率高达97.8%。然后采用单体直接聚合的方法,使环氧琥酸钠盐在引发剂氢氧化钙的作用下开环聚合得到PESA Ⅱ。对两种产物进行了结构表征,通过¹³C NMR计算得到PESAⅡ平均聚合度（n≈4）,PESA Ⅰ平均聚合度（n≈3）。 利用静态实验对两种方法合成的产物进行了阻垢分散性能和中性水质中对碳钢缓蚀性能的评定,结果表明:（1）聚环氧琥珀酸是一种比较好的阻碳酸钙、硫酸钙垢及分散氧化铁的水溶性聚合物,可用于高碱高硬度水系,但对抑制磷酸钙垢和稳定锌离子的性能较差,PESAⅡ的阻垢分散性能优于PESA Ⅰ;（2）在中性水质中PESA Ⅰ对碳钢的缓蚀性能优于PESA Ⅱ,缓蚀率可达60.5%,当PESA Ⅰ与钨酸钠复配时,缓蚀率可提高到76.2%。 通过X射线衍射和扫描电镜分析手段研究了聚环氧琥珀酸加入前后碳酸钙垢晶型的变化,在此基础上探讨了聚环氧琥珀酸的阻垢机理;考察了温度对聚环氧琥珀酸缓蚀性能的影响,根据Bockris置换模型,计算出中性水质中聚环氧琥珀酸在碳钢表面吸附的热力学函数,计算结果表明:聚环氧琥珀酸在碳钢表面的吸附是一个放热、熵增、自动发生的过程。更多还原

【Abstract】 In water treatment industry, the latest research trend is to develop new environmentally-friendly water treatment agents. Developed in 1990’s, polyepoxysuccinic acid （PESA） has been treated as a novel green water treatment agent at home and abroad for its excellent scale inhibition, corrosion inhibition, biodegradability and unique molecular structure having no hetero-atoms such as nitrogen and phosphorus.In this thesis, PESA was synthesized using two different methods: the conventional one-step method and the two-step method we have developed. The corresponding products obtained by the one-step method and the two-step method are named PESA I and PESA II, respectively. For the two-step method, highly pure sodium hydrogen cis-epoxysuccinate was firstly synthesized in an aqueous solution containing 75% by volume of alcohol, while sodium tungstate dihydrate was used as catalyst and epoxidation of maleic acid was obtained by hydrogen peroxide reagent, the yield of sodium hydrogen cis-epoxysuccinate was up to 97.8%. PESA II was obtained by polymerization of epoxysuccinate disodium salt in the presence of calcium hydroxide as an initiator . The structure of polyepoxysuccinic acid was characterized by IR and ¹3C NMR spectra. According to the ¹3C NMR spectra, the average polymeric degree of PESA I and PESA II are about 3 and 4, respectively.The scale and corrosion inhibition performances of polyepoxysuccinic acid synthesized were evaluated by static tests. The following conclusions can be deduced from the results of the tests: （1） PESA is an excellent scale inhibitor for CaCO₃ and CaSO₄ and can disperse ferric oxide effectively. The experimental results also show that PESA has poor performance of phosphate inhibition and zinc salt stabilization. The performance of scale inhibition of PESA II is better than that of PESA I .（2） The performance of inhibiting corrosion on Q235 carbon steel of PESA I is better than that of PESA II in neutro-water, the corrosion inhibition efficiency of PESA I is 60.5%, which is improved to 76.2% by adding tungstate sodium as synergestic reagent.The scale inhibition mechanism of PESA was proposed on the basis of characterization of transformation of calcium carbonate crystal by means of X-ray Diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The effect of temperature on corrosion inhibition efficiency of PESA was investigated and the Bockris substitution model is proposed to studythe thermodynamics of inhibiting process of PESA. The calculation results show the adsorption of PESA on carbon steel is a spontaneous exothermic process with the increase of entropy.更多还原